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deviation in the use

  • 1 deviation in the use

    Универсальный англо-русский словарь > deviation in the use

  • 2 отклонение от правильного использования

    Универсальный русско-английский словарь > отклонение от правильного использования

  • 3 отклонение


    deviation
    (от заданной величины, направления)
    - (перемещение, смещение) — displacement, bias
    - (угловое перемещение) — deflection, angular movement
    диапазон отклонения триммера составляет +- град. от нейтрального положения. — angular deflection /movement/ of the trim tab is deg. each side of neutral position.
    - блока на амортизаторах — unit sway on shockmounts /shock insulators, shock isolators/
    -, боковое — lateral deviation /displacement/
    -, боковое (до или от заданной траектории полета в горизонтальной плоскости) (рис. 128) — lateral displacement (to or from desired flight path)
    -, боковое от заданного путевого угла (бу) — track angle error (тке). angle that aircraft track angle is to left or right of the desired track angle.
    -, боковое (no курсу) от луча kpm — lateral deviation /displacement/ from center of localizer beam
    - боковое стрелки к (прибоpa слепой посадки) — loc pointer lateral deviation /error/

    the cross-pointers indicate vertical and lateral errors.
    -, вертикапьное — vertical deviation /displacement/
    - закрылка (угол) — flap setting
    - закрылка, взлетное (угол) — flap takeotf setting
    - (летчика) от его основного положения, (небольшое) — (minimum) practicable (pilot's) deviation from normal position
    наблюдение за показаниями любого прибора рабочего места летчика не должно требовать значительного отклонения (изменения положения) летчика от своего основного положения. — each instrument for use by any pilot must be easily visible to him from his station with the minimum practicable deviation from his normal position.
    - линейное боковое (лбо от линии заданного пути) (рис. 124) — crosstrack (хтк), crosstrack distance /deviation/ (from desired track)
    - линии визирования — deflection of line of sight
    - от главной ортодромии (линейное, напр., влево) — crosstrack distance (left) of great circle course
    - от главной ортодромии (угловое, напр., влево) — track angle error (left) of great circle course
    - от глиссады — glide slope-off-course, deviation from glide slope
    - от допуска — variations on tolerance
    - от допуска, предельное (верхнее, нижнее) — (high, low) tolerance limit's)
    - от заданного крена — (selected) roll deviation
    - от заданного курса — deviation /displacement/ from selected heading
    - от заданного курса (лзп) — deviation from desired track (dsrtk)
    - от заданной высоты (в вертикапьной плоскости) — altitude error (he). aircraft displacement from selected vertical path by an altitude error.
    - от заданной линии пути (злп), боковое (линейное) — crosstrack distance /deviation/ (хтк)
    - от заданной линии пути на 9-ти заранее запрограммированных участках маршрута — crosstrack distance /deviation/ with 9 wpts (waypoints) stored
    - от заданной траектории горизонтальной плоскости) — lateral displacement (from desired or selected path)
    - от заданных пределов — diversion from predetermined limits
    - от курса на маяки вор и крм — deviation /displacement/ from vor and loc course /track/
    - от линии горизонтального полета — deviation from level flight
    - от линии заданного пути — deviation from desired track
    - от линии заданного пути, боковое (линейное soтл) — crosstrack distance /deviation/ (хтк)
    - от линии заданного пути, боковое (угловое) — track angle error (тке)
    - от ортодромии, линейное (влево) — crosstrack distance (left) of great circle course
    - от ортодромии, угловое (влево) — track angle error (left) of great circle course
    - от правильного направления (при посадке по приборам) — deviation from on-course
    - от путевого угла — track angle error (тке)
    - от равносигнальной зоны глиссадного маяка — deviation from glide slope beacon equisignal zone, glide slope (tracking) error
    - от равносигнапьной зоны курсового маяка — deviation from localizer equisignal zone, localizer (tracking) error, localizer course error
    - от размера (детали, отверстия) — size variations
    -, отрицательное отклонение поверхности управнения вниз или влево, — negative displacement causes the airfoil either to move down or to the left.
    - от технических условий — departure from specifications
    - от центра луча (на 1-1/4°) — 1-1/4 deg displacement from beam center
    - no вертикали (напр., от луча глиссадного радиомаяка) — vertical deviation /displacement, error/

    guide the aircraft to the glide slope beam in case of a vertical displacement.
    - поверхности управления — control surface deflection
    - no глиссаде (приборов пнп, кпп,псп) — glideslope deviation /displacement, error/
    - no крену (тангажу) гироскопа — bank (pitch) displacement of
    - no курсу — deviation in heading
    - no курсу (приборов пнп, кпп, псп) — localizer deviation /displacement, error/
    -, положительное — positive displacement
    отклонение поверхности управления вверх или вправо, — causes the airfoil either to rise or to move to the right.
    -, предепьное (от допуска, верхнее, нижнее (5@

    ) — tolerance limit's)
    - стрелки (прибора) — pointer deflection
    - стрелки (прибора) в любую сторону (в обе стороны) — pointer deflection to either side
    - стрелки (прибора), полное — full-scale pointer deflection
    -, угловое (поверхности управпения) — angular deflection. the control surface moves through the full angular deflection range.
    -, угловое (от лзп) — track angle error (tke)
    -, чрезмерное (руля или органа управления) реакция на о. (руля высоты) — overcontrolling assume maximum pitch attitude and avoid overcontrolling response to (elevator) deflection
    скорость о. (закрылков) — rate of (flaps) motion
    угол о. (от направления) — angle of deviation
    угол о. (подвижного элемента) — angle of deflection
    угол о. (закрылка) — (flap) setting

    Русско-английский сборник авиационно-технических терминов > отклонение

  • 4 rounding difference

    The deviation from an exact value resulting from the use of rounding.

    English-Arabic terms dictionary > rounding difference

  • 5 rounding error

    The deviation from an exact value resulting from the use of rounding.

    English-Arabic terms dictionary > rounding error

  • 6 variación

    f.
    1 variation.
    2 variance.
    * * *
    1 variation, change
    \
    sin variación unchanged
    variación magnética magnetic declination
    * * *
    noun f.
    * * *
    SF (tb Mús) variation; (Meteo) change
    * * *
    1) ( cambio) change, variation
    2) (Mat, Mús) variation
    * * *
    = deviation, fluctuation, variance, variation, seesaw [see-saw].
    Ex. Deviations from this basic order may be useful, particularly with regard to what are known as differential facets and common facets.
    Ex. There were abrupt fluctuations in his output from one week to the next.
    Ex. This paper discusses factors which led to the need to reexamine the use of UK dealers, the major difference between UK and US dealers being their variance in pricing policies.
    Ex. Such variations make it difficult for users to be confident about the form of a heading.
    Ex. The data provides statistical evidence for the existence of a ' seesaw' relationship between density in spring, autumn, and the following spring.
    ----
    * con diferentes variaciones = in variation.
    * con variaciones = in variation.
    * demanda sin variaciones = inelastic demand.
    * variación de los tipos de cambio = exchange rate change.
    * variaciones ortográficas = variant spelling.
    * variación ortográfica = spelling variation.
    * variación terminológica = term variation.
    * * *
    1) ( cambio) change, variation
    2) (Mat, Mús) variation
    * * *
    = deviation, fluctuation, variance, variation, seesaw [see-saw].

    Ex: Deviations from this basic order may be useful, particularly with regard to what are known as differential facets and common facets.

    Ex: There were abrupt fluctuations in his output from one week to the next.
    Ex: This paper discusses factors which led to the need to reexamine the use of UK dealers, the major difference between UK and US dealers being their variance in pricing policies.
    Ex: Such variations make it difficult for users to be confident about the form of a heading.
    Ex: The data provides statistical evidence for the existence of a ' seesaw' relationship between density in spring, autumn, and the following spring.
    * con diferentes variaciones = in variation.
    * con variaciones = in variation.
    * demanda sin variaciones = inelastic demand.
    * variación de los tipos de cambio = exchange rate change.
    * variaciones ortográficas = variant spelling.
    * variación ortográfica = spelling variation.
    * variación terminológica = term variation.

    * * *
    A
    1 (cambio) change, variation
    no habrá variaciones en la temperatura there won't be much variation in temperature
    2 ( Mat) variation
    Compuesto:
    magnetic deviation o variation
    B ( Mús) variation
    * * *

    variación sustantivo femenino
    variation
    variación sustantivo femenino
    1 (modificación) change, variation
    2 Mús variation
    ' variación' also found in these entries:
    English:
    variation
    * * *
    1. [cambio] variation;
    [del tiempo] change (de in);
    en cuanto a la Bolsa, apenas ha habido variación esta semana there has been hardly any change in the stock market this week;
    ¡variación izquierda! left turn!
    variación magnética magnetic variation o deviation
    2. Mús variation;
    variaciones sobre el mismo tema variations on a theme
    * * *
    f variation
    * * *
    variación nf, pl - ciones : variation
    * * *
    variación n variation

    Spanish-English dictionary > variación

  • 7 écart

    écart [ekaʀ]
    1. masculine noun
       a. ( = différence) (entre objets, dates) gap ; (entre chiffres, températures, opinions) difference ; (entre explications) discrepancy
       b. ( = action) faire un écart [cheval] to shy ; [voiture] to swerve ; [personne surprise] to jump out of the way
       c. ► à l'écart
    • mettre or tenir qn à l'écart ( = empêcher de participer) to keep sb on the sidelines ; ( = empêcher d'approcher) to hold sb back
    • rester à l'écart ( = s'isoler) to remain aloof ; ( = ne pas approcher) to stay in the background ; ( = ne pas participer) to stay on the sidelines► à l'écart de
    * * *
    ekaʀ
    1.
    nom masculin
    1) ( distance) ( entre des objets) distance, gap ( entre between); ( entre des dates) interval; ( entre des concepts) gap; ( entre des versions) difference
    2) ( variation) difference

    faire un écart — [cheval] to shy; [voiture] to swerve; [piéton] to leap aside

    4) ( faute) lapse

    écarts de langage — bad language [U]

    5) ( aux cartes) discard

    2.
    à l'écart locution adverbiale

    ils bavardaient dans le jardin, à l'écart — they were talking in the garden GB ou yard US, off by themselves

    se tenir à l'écart — ( éloigné) to stand apart; ( refuser de se mêler) to keep oneself to oneself; ( ne pas participer) not to join in

    mettre quelqu'un à l'écart — ( éloigner) to push somebody aside; ( mettre au ban) to ostracize somebody


    3.
    à l'écart de locution prépositive away from

    tenir quelqu'un à l'écart de — to keep somebody away from [lieu]; to keep somebody out of [activité, négociations]

    * * *
    ekaʀ nm

    faire le grand écart DANSE, GYMNASTIQUE — to do the splits

    2) (mouvement latéral) sideways leap, (d'une automobile) swerve

    faire un écart [voiture] — to swerve

    3) fig (entres données, quantités) difference

    à l'écart [se tenir, rester] — out of the way, [habiter, être situé] in a remote area

    à l'écart de (position, situation) — away from

    Ils se sont assis à l'écart des autres. — They sat away from the others., fig

    rester à l'écart de — to keep out of, to steer clear of, fig

    se tenir à l'écart de — to keep out of, to steer clear of

    * * *
    A nm
    1 ( distance) ( entre des objets) distance (entre between), gap (entre between); (entre des dates, événements) interval (entre between); (entre des concepts, attitudes) gap (entre between); ( entre des versions) difference (entre between); écart inflationniste/technologique inflationary/technological gap; un écart d'un mètre a one-metreGB gap, a gap of one metreGB; écart de six mois six-month interval, interval of six months; creuser/réduire l'écart to widen/narrow the gap; il y a trop d'écart entre eux (en âge) there's too much of an age gap between them; ⇒ grand;
    2 ( variation) difference; écarts de température differences in temperature; écarts de prix price differences, differences in prices; écart des salaires pay differential; écart de dix euros/degrés ten-euro/-degree difference, difference of ten euros/degrees; écart par rapport à la normale/moyenne deviation from the norm/mean;
    3 ( mouvement brusque) ( de cheval) shy; ( de voiture) swerve; faire un écart [cheval] to shy; [voiture] to swerve; [piéton] to leap aside;
    4 fig ( faute) lapse; il fait des écarts de régime he doesn't stick to his diet; écarts de langage bad language ¢;
    5 ( aux cartes) discard.
    B à l'écart loc adv être à l'écart to be isolated; ils bavardaient dans le jardin, à l'écart they were talking in the garden GB ou yard US, off by themselves; elle vit à l'écart she keeps herself to herself; se tenir à l 'écart ( éloigné) to stand apart; ( refuser de se mêler) to keep oneself to oneself; ( ne pas participer) not to join in; mettre qn à l'écart ( éloigner) to push sb aside; ( mettre au ban) to ostracize sb; il ne supporte pas cette mise à l'écart he cannot bear the way he is being ostracized ou ignored; prendre or entraîner qn à l'écart to take sb aside.
    C à l'écart de loc prép à l'écart de la ville/route away from the town/road; laisser or tenir qn à l'écart de to keep sb away from [lieu]; to keep sb out of [activité]; se tenir à l'écart des autres ( dans l'espace) to stand apart from the others; ( socialement) to refuse to join in; rester or se tenir à l'écart du conflit/des négociations to keep out of the conflict/the negotiations.
    écart de conduite lapse in behaviourGB; faire des écarts de conduite to have occasional lapses; écart de jeunesse youthful indiscretion; écart à la moyenne Stat deviation from the mean.
    [ekar] nom masculin
    1. [variation] difference, discrepancy
    écart de poids/température difference in weight/temperature
    2. [intervalle] gap, distance
    un écart de huit ans les sépare, il y a huit ans d'écart entre eux there's an eight-year gap between them
    réduire ou resserrer l'écart entre to close ou to narrow the gap between
    3. [déviation] swerving
    a. [cheval] to shy
    b. [voiture, vélo] to swerve
    j'ai fait un petit écart aujourd'hui: j'ai mangé deux gâteaux I broke my diet today: I ate two cakes
    4. [excès]
    écart de conduite misdemeanour, misbehaviour (substantif non comptable)
    6. DANSE & SPORT
    7. [en comptabilité] margin
    [en statistiques] deviation
    8. [hameau] hamlet
    ————————
    à l'écart locution adverbiale
    1. [de côté] aside
    prendre quelqu'un à l'écart to take somebody aside ou to one side/to draw somebody aside ou to one side
    a. [éloigné] to hold ou keep somebody back
    b. [empêcher de participer] to keep somebody out of things
    rester ou se tenir à l'écart
    a. [éloigné] to stand apart
    b. [ne pas participer] to stay on the sidelines ou in the background, to keep out of things
    2. [loin des habitations]
    ————————
    à l'écart de locution prépositionnelle

    Dictionnaire Français-Anglais > écart

  • 8 прибор


    instrument
    (измерительный, регистрирующий, вычислительный)
    - (указатель) — indicator
    - (устройство) — unit
    - автономный — independent instrument
    - анероидно-манометрический — pressure instrument
    - анероидный-мембранный — pressure instrument
    -, анероидный — barometric instrument
    -, бытовой — furnishing unit
    - визуального отсчета — direct-reading instrument

    an ohmmeter is a directreading instrument for measuring electric resistance.
    -, девиационный — compass compensator
    приспособление для компенсации магнитной девиации магнитного компаса — а device for compensating a magnetic compass.
    -, директорный (рис. 72) — flight director indicator (fdi)
    -, директорный (захода на посадку) — approach horizon
    -, дистанционный — remote-reading indicator
    - для измерения тока, напряжения и сопротивления, универсальный (авометр) — avorneter
    - для выявления утечки газа — gas leak detector
    - для измерения валичины сноса — drift meter
    - для определения состояния среды (кислотный или щелочной раствор) — рн-meter
    - для проверки герметизации кабины — cabin pressure test unit
    -, дублирующий — duplicate instrument
    -, измерительный — measuring instrument
    - измерительный, дифференциальный (манометр) — differential pressure gauge
    -, измерительный, пневматический (манометрического или ротаметричесного типа) — pneumatic /air/ gauge. device used to perform dimensional or functional comparisons by indicating the escapement of air between the air jets and the workpiece.
    -, измерительный, работающий на принципе противодавления, пневматический — back-pressure air gauge. uses constant air pressure passing through a controlling orifice (of predetermined or adjustable size) and into the gaging element or tooling.
    -, измерительный водяной (с водяным манометром) — water-column gauge
    -, индикаторный часового типа (для замера отклонений от заданного размера, или радиальных люфтов) — dial test indicator (d.t.l.). d.t.l. or clock gage is used not for measuring the actual size but to indicate small differences in size, or for indicating the amount of eccentricity of revolving parts.
    - (индиматорный), показывающий "натяг" — d.t. indicator (needle or pointer) indicating on the plus side (of the dial)
    -' (индикаторный), показывающий заниженный размер — d.t. indicator (needle or pointer) indicating on the minus side (of the dial)
    совмещать нулевое деление индикаторного п. со стрелкой. — set the dial zero under the pointer (by turning the bezel).
    - индикации пространственного положения самолета — attitude indicator
    -, интегрирующий измерительный — integrating measuring instrument
    -, кислородный (общий термин) — oxygen apparatus /set/
    -, кислородный (кп, регулятор) — oxygen (flow) regulator
    устройство, регулирующее подачу кислорода к кислородной маске, — masks are designed for use with remotely located oxygen flow regulator.
    -, кислородный, для оказания первой помощи (пассажирам) — first aid oxygen cylinder
    -, кислородный жидкостный (кпж) — liquid oxygen converter
    -, кислородный, индивидуального пользования — individual oxygen regulator
    -, кислородный, парашютный (кп-23) — bailout /parachute/ oxygen apparatus
    -, кислородный переносной (kп-19, kп-21) — portable oxygen cylinder (with regulator)
    - кислородный, переносной (для бортпроводников и оказания первой помощи пассажирам) — cabin walkaround oxygen cylinder (with regulator and mask)
    -, кислородный с подсосом воздуха — diluter demand oxygen regulator
    -, кислородный (типа легочный автомат) — demand oxygen regulator
    -, командно-пилотажный (кпп) (рис. 70) — flight director indicator (fdi), attitude director indicator
    -, командный (нуль-прибор) — zero-reader flight director indicator, ils cross-pointer indicator
    -, командный (пульт) — controller
    -, командный пилотажный (кпп) — flight director indicator
    -, комбинированный — combination /combined/ indicator
    -, комбинированный (да-зо вариометр, указатель поворота и скольжения) — rate of climb and turn indicator (turn & climb ind)
    -, комбинированный (поверочный типа ц4315 - ампервольтметр) — avometer
    -, контрольно-поверочный (входящий в кпу) — tester
    -, контрольный (эталонный) — reference instrument
    - контроля нагрузки на шину no 1 кабин — cabin bus i load monitor
    - контроля работы двигателя — engine instrument
    -, курсовой счетно-решающий — course-line computer (clc)
    - курсовой системы, комбинированный — flight compass
    - легочно-автоматического типа, кислородный — automatic (pressure breathing) demand (-type) oxygen regulator, demand (-type) oxygen regulator
    - легочно-автоматического типa с подсосом воздуха, кислородный — automatic (pressure breathing) diluter-demand oxygen regulator
    -, манометрический — pressure measuring instrument
    - мембранно-анероидный — pressure instrument
    -, навигационна-пилотажный (общий термин) — flight-navigation instrument
    -, навигационно-пилотажный (пo терминологии икао и фирмы коплинз) — track indicator (icao definition), course indicator (collins trade name)
    -, навигационно-пилотажный (hпп) — horizontal situation indicator
    индикация (угла) курса, кур. курса на крм, и глиссады. сигнапизация о входе в зону уверенного приема наземных маяков. сигнапы отклонения от зк в вычислитель сду (рис. 71). — the hsi presents aircraft displacement relative to vor radials and loc and gs beams, and heading references to either true or magnetic north.
    -, навигационный комбинированный с индикацией сп (посадки по приборам) — flight compass
    -, навигационный курсовой (нкп) (директорией системы) — course /track/ indicator, course deviation indicator (cdi)
    -, переносный кислородный — walkaround oxygen cylinder
    -, пилотажно-навигационный (общий термин) — flight-navigation instrument
    каждый навигационно-пилотажный прибор должен быть хорошо виден летчику с его рабочего места. — each flight and navigation instrument for use by any pilot must be plainly visible to him from his station
    -, пилотажный — flight instrument
    приборы, служащие для индниации высоты, положения в пространстве, скорости, сноса и направления полета. — any aircraft instrument that indicates altitude, attitude, aispeed, drift and direction of an aircraft.
    - пилотажный, командный (пкп) — flight director indicator (fdi), attitude director indicator (adi)
    для индикации положения самолета в пространстве и выдачи командных сигналов пo курсу (крену) и тангажу (рис. 72). — the flight director (pd) indicater displays aircraft attitude and command information to achieve and maintain a desired flight profile.
    -, пилотажный, электронно-лучевой — electronic flight instrument
    -, плановый навигационный (пнп) — course /track/ indicator, horizontal situation indicator (hsi)
    обеспечивает индикацию курса и путевого угла. имеет счетчики дальности и заданного путевого угла, указатели (планки) отклонения от курса и глиссады (рис. 73). — course indicator provides a plan view of aircraft horizontal navigation situation relative to enroute or terminal navigation aids. the course indicator displays aircraft position and heading with respect to the compass and selected heading. slant range (nautical miles) to a selected dme station, digital course readout, lateral deviation from a selected vor or loc course, and vertical deviation from the center of the glideslope are also displayed.
    -, полупроводниковый (элемент) — semiconductor device. varistor is a two-electrode simiconductor device.
    -, профильный (индикатор) — vertical scale indicator
    -, профильный (прибор с вертикальной ленточной шкалой) (рис. 69) — vertical tape instrument /indicater/. vertical tape instruments is a trend away from conventional dial-and-pointer instruments.
    - раскрытия парашюта — parachute release actuator /mechanism/
    -, регистрирующий — recorder
    - с вертикальной шкалой (в отличие от циферблатного) — vertical scale instrument /indicator/
    - с вертикальной ленточной шкалой — vertical tape instrument /indicator/
    -, сдвоенный — dual indicator
    - слепой посадки (псп, директорный с крестообразными стрелками) (рис. 69) — ils cross-pointer indicator, zero-reader flight director indicator
    - с непрерывной подачей, кислородный — continuous flow oxygen regulater
    - с подвижной рамкой (измерительный, электрический) — moving-coil instrument
    - с подсосом воздуха, кислородный — diluter demand oxygen regulator
    -, стрелочный (циферблатный) — dial-and-pointer instrument /indicator/
    -, счетно-решающий (срп) — computer (cmptr)
    -, точный — precision instrument
    - фотоаппарата, командный — camera controller
    -, фотоконтрольный (фкп) — recording camera
    -, фотоконтрольный, резупьтатов бомбометания — bomb strike camera
    -, фотоконтропьный, резупьтатов стрельбы — camera gun
    -, электроизмерительный — electric measuring instrument
    -, эталонный — reference instrument.
    отсчет по (показание) п. — instrument reading /display/
    ошибка (погрешность) п. — instrument error
    по п., по показаниям п. — by the instrument, as read on /from/ the instrument, as indicated (or displayed) on the instrument
    задавать к-л. величину по прибору — select (value) with reference to /referring to/ indicator
    наблюдать за показаниями п. — observe the instrument reading
    отмечать показания п. — note the instrument readings
    отсчитывать показания п. — read the instrument
    устанавливать п. с задней стороны панели — install the instrument from back of the instrument panel

    Русско-английский сборник авиационно-технических терминов > прибор

  • 9 БИБЛИОГРАФИЯ

    Мы приняли следующие сокращения для наиболее часто упоминаемых книг и журналов:
    IJP - International Journal of Psycho-analysis
    JAPA - Journal of the American Psychoanalytic Association
    SE - Standard Edition of the Complete Psychological Works of Sigmund Freud, ed. James Strachey (London: Hogarth Press and the Institute of Psycho-Analysis, 1953—74.)
    PSOC - Psychoanalytic Study of the Child (New Haven: Yale University Press)
    PQ - Psychoanalytic Quarterly
    WAF - The Writings of Anna Freud, ed. Anna Freud (New York: International Universities Press, 1966—74)
    PMC - Psychoanalysis The Major Concepts ed. Burness E. Moore and Bernard D. Fine (New Haven: Yale University Press)
    \
    О словаре: _about - Psychoanalytic Terms and Concepts
    \
    1. Abend, S. M. Identity. PMC. Forthcoming.
    2. Abend, S. M. (1974) Problems of identity. PQ, 43.
    3. Abend, S. M., Porder, M. S. & Willick, M. S. (1983) Borderline Patients. New York: Int. Univ. Press.
    4. Abraham, K. (1916) The first pregenital stage of libido. Selected Papers. London, Hogarth Press, 1948.
    5. Abraham, K. (1917) Ejaculatio praecox. In: selected Papers. New York Basic Books.
    6. Abraham, K. (1921) Contributions to the theory of the anal character. Selected Papers. New York: Basic Books, 1953.
    7. Abraham, K. (1924) A Short study of the development of the libido, viewed in the light of mental disorders. In: Selected Papers. London: Hogarth Press, 1927.
    8. Abraham, K. (1924) Manic-depressive states and the pre-genital levels of the libido. In: Selected Papers. London: Hogarth Press, 1949.
    9. Abraham, K. (1924) Selected Papers. London: Hogarth Press, 1948.
    10. Abraham, K. (1924) The influence of oral erotism on character formation. Ibid.
    11. Abraham, K. (1925) The history of an impostor in the light of psychoanalytic knowledge. In: Clinical Papers and Essays on Psychoanalysis. New York: Basic Books, 1955, vol. 2.
    12. Abrams, S. (1971) The psychoanalytic unconsciousness. In: The Unconscious Today, ed. M. Kanzer. New York: Int. Univ. Press.
    13. Abrams, S. (1981) Insight. PSOC, 36.
    14. Abse, D W. (1985) The depressive character In Depressive States and their Treatment, ed. V. Volkan New York: Jason Aronson.
    15. Abse, D. W. (1985) Hysteria and Related Mental Disorders. Bristol: John Wright.
    16. Ackner, B. (1954) Depersonalization. J. Ment. Sci., 100.
    17. Adler, A. (1924) Individual Psychology. New York: Harcourt, Brace.
    18. Akhtar, S. (1984) The syndrome of identity diffusion. Amer. J. Psychiat., 141.
    19. Alexander, F. (1950) Psychosomatic Medicine. New York: Norton.
    20. Allen, D. W. (1974) The Feat- of Looking. Charlottesvill, Va: Univ. Press of Virginia.
    21. Allen, D. W. (1980) Psychoanalytic treatment of the exhibitionist. In: Exhibitionist, Description, Assessment, and Treatment, ed. D. Cox. New York: Garland STPM Press.
    22. Allport, G. (1937) Personality. New York: Henry Holt.
    23. Almansi, R. J. (1960) The face-breast equation. JAPA, 6.
    24. Almansi, R. J. (1979) Scopophilia and object loss. PQ, 47.
    25. Altman, L. Z. (1969) The Dream in Psychoanalysis. New York: Int. Univ. Press.
    26. Altman, L. Z. (1977) Some vicissitudes of love. JAPA, 25.
    27. American Psychiatric Association. (1987) Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 3d ed. revised. Washington, D. C.
    28. Ansbacher, Z. & Ansbacher, R. (1956) The Individual Psychology of Alfred Adler. New York: Basic Books.
    29. Anthony, E. J. (1981) Shame, guilt, and the feminine self in psychoanalysis. In: Object and Self, ed. S. Tuttman, C. Kaye & M. Zimmerman. New York: Int. Univ. Press.
    30. Arlow. J. A. (1953) Masturbation and symptom formation. JAPA, 1.
    31. Arlow. J. A. (1959) The structure of the deja vu experience. JAPA, 7.
    32. Arlow. J. A. (1961) Ego psychology and the study of mythology. JAPA, 9.
    33. Arlow. J. A. (1963) Conflict, regression and symptom formation. IJP, 44.
    34. Arlow. J. A. (1966) Depersonalization and derealization. In: Psychoanalysis: A General Psychology, ed. R. M. Loewenstein, L. M. Newman, M. Schur & A. J. Solnit. New York: Int. Univ. Press.
    35. Arlow. J. A. (1969) Fantasy, memory and reality testing. PQ, 38.
    36. Arlow. J. A. (1969) Unconscious fantasy and disturbances of mental experience. PQ, 38.
    37. Arlow. J. A. (1970) The psychopathology of the psychoses. IJP, 51.
    38. Arlow. J. A. (1975) The structural hypothesis. PQ, 44.
    39. Arlow. J. A. (1977) Affects and the psychoanalytic situation. IJP, 58.
    40. Arlow. J. A. (1979) Metaphor and the psychoanalytic situation. PQ, 48.
    41. Arlow. J. A. (1979) The genesis of interpretation. JAPA, 27 (suppl.).
    42. Arlow. J. A. (1982) Problems of the superego concept. PSOC, 37.
    43. Arlow. J. A. (1984) Disturbances of the sense of time. PQ, 53.
    44. Arlow. J. A. (1985) Some technical problems of countertransference. PQ, 54.
    45. Arlow, J. A. & Brenner, C. (1963) Psychoanalytic Concepts and the Structural Theory, New York: Int. Univ. Press.
    46. Arlow, J. A. & Brenner, C. (1969) The psychopathology of the psychoses. IJP, 50.
    47. Asch, S. S. (1966) Depression. PSOC, 21.
    48. Asch, S. S. (1976) Varieties of negative therapeutic reactions and problems of technique. JAPA, 24.
    49. Atkins, N. (1970) The Oedipus myth. Adolescence, and the succession of generations. JAPA, 18.
    50. Atkinson, J. W. & Birch, D. (1970) The Dynamics of Action. New York: Wiley.
    51. Bachrach, H. M. & Leaff, L. A. (1978) Analyzability. JAPA, 26.
    52. Bacon, C. (1956) A developmental theory of female homosexuality. In: Perversions,ed, S. Lorand & M. Balint. New York: Gramercy.
    53. Bak, R. C. (1953) Fetishism. JAPA. 1.
    54. Bak, R. C. (1968) The phallic woman. PSOC, 23.
    55. Bak, R. C. & Stewart, W. A. (1974) Fetishism, transvestism, and voyeurism. An American Handbook of Psychiatry, ed. S. Arieti. New York: Basic Books, vol. 3.
    56. Balint, A. (1949) Love for mother and mother-love. IJP, 30.
    57. Balter, L., Lothane, Z. & Spencer, J. H. (1980) On the analyzing instrument, PQ, 49.
    58. Basch, M. F. (1973) Psychoanalysis and theory formation. Ann. Psychoanal., 1.
    59. Basch, M. F. (1976) The concept of affect. JAPA, 24.
    60. Basch, M. F. (1981) Selfobject disorders and psychoanalytic theory. JAPA, 29.
    61. Basch, M. F. (1983) Emphatic understanding. JAPA. 31.
    62. Balldry, F. Character. PMC. Forthcoming.
    63. Balldry, F. (1983) The evolution of the concept of character in Freud's writings. JAPA. 31.
    64. Begelman, D. A. (1971) Misnaming, metaphors, the medical model and some muddles. Psychiatry, 34.
    65. Behrends, R. S. & Blatt, E. J. (1985) Internalization and psychological development throughout the life cycle. PSOC, 40.
    66. Bell, A. (1961) Some observations on the role of the scrotal sac and testicles JAPA, 9.
    67. Benedeck, T. (1949) The psychosomatic implications of the primary unit. Amer. J. Orthopsychiat., 19.
    68. Beres, C. (1958) Vicissitudes of superego functions and superego precursors in childhood. FSOC, 13.
    69. Beres, D. Conflict. PMC. Forthcoming.
    70. Beres, D. (1956) Ego deviation and the concept of schizophrenia. PSOC, 11.
    71. Beres, D. (1960) Perception, imagination and reality. IJP, 41.
    72. Beres, D. (1960) The psychoanalytic psychology of imagination. JAPA, 8.
    73. Beres, D. & Joseph, E. D. (1965) Structure and function in psychoanalysis. IJP, 46.
    74. Beres, D. (1970) The concept of mental representation in psychoanalysis. IJP, 51.
    75. Berg, M D. (1977) The externalizing transference. IJP, 58.
    76. Bergeret, J. (1985) Reflection on the scientific responsi bilities of the International Psychoanalytical Association. Memorandum distributed at 34th IPA Congress, Humburg.
    77. Bergman, A. (1978) From mother to the world outside. In: Grolnick et. al. (1978).
    78. Bergmann, M. S. (1980) On the intrapsychic function of falling in love. PQ, 49.
    79. Berliner, B. (1966) Psychodynamics of the depressive character. Psychoanal. Forum, 1.
    80. Bernfeld, S. (1931) Zur Sublimierungslehre. Imago, 17.
    81. Bibring, E. (1937) On the theory of the therapeutic results of psychoanalysis. IJP, 18.
    82. Bibring, E. (1941) The conception of the repetition compulsion. PQ, 12.
    83. Bibring, E. (1953) The mechanism of depression. In: Affective Disorders, ed. P. Greenacre. New York: Int. Univ. Press.
    84. Bibring, E. (1954) Psychoanalysis and the dynamic psychotherapies. JAPA, 2.
    85. Binswanger, H. (1963) Positive aspects of the animus. Zьrich: Spring.
    86. Bion Francesca Abingdon: Fleetwood Press.
    87. Bion, W. R. (1952) Croup dynamics. IJP, 33.
    88. Bion, W. R. (1961) Experiences in Groups. London: Tavistock.
    89. Bion, W. R. (1962) A theory of thinking. IJP, 40.
    90. Bion, W. R. (1962) Learning from Experience. London: William Heinemann.
    91. Bion, W. R. (1963) Elements of Psychoanalysis. London: William Heinemann.
    92. Bion, W. R. (1965) Transformations. London: William Heinemann.
    93. Bion, W. R. (1970) Attention and Interpretation. London: Tavistock.
    94. Bion, W. R. (1985) All My Sins Remembered, ed. Francesca Bion. Adingdon: Fleetwood Press.
    95. Bird, B. (1972) Notes on transference. JAPA, 20.
    96. Blanck, G. & Blanck, R. (1974) Ego Psychology. New York: Columbia Univ. Press.
    97. Blatt, S. J. (1974) Levels of object representation in anaclitic and introjective depression. PSOC, 29.
    98. Blau, A. (1955) A unitary hypothesis of emotion. PQ, 24.
    99. Bleuler, E. (1911) Dementia Praecox or the Group of Schizophrenias. New York: Int. Univ. Press, 1951.
    100. Blos, P. (1954) Prolonged adolescence. Amer. J. Orthopsychiat., 24.
    101. Blos, P. (1962) On Adolescence. New York: Free Press.
    102. Blos, P. (1972) The epigenesia of the adult neurosis. 27.
    103. Blos, P. (1979) Modification in the traditional psychoanalytic theory of adolescent development. Adolescent Psychiat., 8.
    104. Blos, P. (1984) Son and father. JAPA_. 32.
    105. Blum, G. S. (1963) Prepuberty and adolescence, In Studies ed. R. E. Grinder. New York: McMillan.
    106. Blum, H. P. Symbolism. FMC. Forthcoming.
    107. Blum, H. P. (1976) Female Psychology. JAPA, 24 (suppl.).
    108. Blum, H. P. (1976) Masochism, the ego ideal and the psychology of women. JAPA, 24 (suppl.).
    109. Blum, H. P. (1980) The value of reconstruction in adult psychoanalysis. IJP, 61.
    110. Blum, H. P. (1981) Forbidden quest and the analytic ideal. PQ, 50.
    111. Blum, H. P. (1983) Defense and resistance. Foreword. JAFA, 31.
    112. Blum, H. P., Kramer, Y., Richards, A. K. & Richards, A. D., eds. (1988) Fantasy, Myth and Reality: Essays in Honor of Jacob A. Arlow. Madison, Conn.: Int. Univ. Press.
    113. Boehm, F. (1930) The femininity-complex In men. IJP,11.
    114. Boesky, D. Structural theory. PMC. Forthcoming.
    115. Boesky, D. (1973) Deja raconte as a screen defense. PQ, 42.
    116. Boesky, D. (1982) Acting out. IJP, 63.
    117. Boesky, D. (1986) Questions about Sublimation In Psychoanalysis the Science of Mental Conflict, ed. A. D. Richards & M. S. Willick. Hillsdale, N. J.: Analytic Press.
    118. Bornstein, B. (1935) Phobia in a 2 1/2-year-old child. PQ, 4.
    119. Bornstein, B. (1951) On latency. PSOC, 6.
    120. Bornstein, M., ed. (1983) Values and neutrality in psychoanalysis. Psychoanal. Inquiry, 3.
    121. Bowlby, J. (1960) Grief and morning in infancy and early childhood. PSOC. 15.
    122. Bowlby, J. (1961) Process of mourning. IJP. 42.
    123. Bowlby, J. (1980) Attachment and Loss, vol. 3. New York: Basic Books.
    124. Bradlow, P. A. (1973) Depersonalization, ego splitting, non-human fantasy and shame. IJP, 54.
    125. Brazelton, T. B., Kozlowsky, B. & Main, M. (1974) The early motherinfant interaction. In: The Effect of the Infant on Its Caregiver, ed. M. Lewis & L. Rosenblum New York Wiley.
    126. Brenner, C. (1957) The nature and development of the concept of repression in Freud's writings. PSOC, 12.
    127. Brenner, C. (1959) The masochistic character. JAPA, 7.
    128. Brenner, C. (1973) An Elementary Textbook of Psycho-analysis. New York Int. Univ. Press.
    129. Brenner, C. (1974) On the nature and development of affects PQ, 43.
    130. Brenner, C. (1976) Psychoanalytic Technique and Psychic Conflict. New York: Int. Univ. Press.
    131. Brenner, C. (1979) The Mind in Conflict. New York: Int. Univ. Press.
    132. Brenner, C. (1979) Working alliance, therapeutic alliance and transference. JAPA, 27.
    133. Brenner, C. (1981) Defense and defense mechanisms. PQ, 50.
    134. Brenner, C. (1983) Defense. In: the Mind in Conflict. New York Int. Univ. Press.
    135. Bressler, B. (1965) The concept of the self. Psychoanalytic Review, 52.
    136. Breuer, J. & Freud, S. (1983—95) Studies on Hysteria. SE, 3.
    137. Breznitz, S., ed. (1983) The Denial of Stress. New York: Int. Univ. Press.
    138. Brody, S. (1964) Passivity. New York: Int. Univ. Press.
    139. Brown, H. (1970) Psycholinquistics. New York: Free Press.
    140. Bruner, J. S. (1964) The course of cognitive growth. Amer. Psychologist. 19.
    141. Bruner, J., Jolly, A. & Sylva, K. (1976) Play. New York Basic Books.
    142. Bruner, J. E., Olver, R. R. &Greenfield, P. M. (1966) Studies in Cognitive Growth. New York: Wiley.
    143. Buie, D H. (1981) Empathy. JAPA, 29.
    144. Burgner, M. & Edgeumble, R. (1972) Some problems in the conceptualization of early object relationships. PSOC, 27.
    145. Call, J. ed. (1979) Basic Handbook of Child Psychiatry. New York: Basic Books.
    146. Carroll, G. (1956) Language, Thought and Reality. Cambridge & London: M. I. T. Press & John Wiley.
    147. Cavenar, J. O. & Nash, J. L. (1976) The effects of Combat on the normal personality. Comprehensive Psychiat., 17.
    148. Chassequet-Smirgel, J. (1978) Reflections on the connection between perversion and sadism. IJP, 59.
    149. Chomsky, N. (1978) Language and unconscious knowledge. In: Psychoanalysis and Language, ed. J. H. Smith. New Haven: Yale Univ. Press, vol. 3.
    150. Clower, V. (1975) Significance of masturbation in female sexual development and function. In: Masturbation from Infancy to Senescence, ed. I. Marcus & J. Francis. New York: Int. Uni" Press.
    151. Coen, S. J. & Bradlow, P. A. (1982) Twin transference as a compromise formation. JAPA, 30.
    152. Compton, A. Object and relationships. PMC. Forthcoming.
    153. Cullen, W. (1777) First Lines of the Practice of Psysic. Edinburgh: Bell, Brandfute.
    154. Curtis, B. C. (1969) Psychoanalytic understanding and treatment of impotence. In: Sexual Function and Dysfunction, ed. P. J. Fink & V. B. O. Hummett. Philadelphia: F. A. Davis.
    155. Darwin, C. (1874) The Descent of Man. New York: Hurst.
    156. Davidoff-Hirsch, H. (1985) Oedipal and preoedipal phenomena. JAPA, 33.
    157. Davis, M. & Wallbridge, D. (1981) Boundary and Space. New York: Brunner-Mazel.
    158. Deutsch, H. (1932) Homosexuality in women. PQ, 1.
    159. Deutsch, H. (1934) Some forms of emotional disturbance and their relationship to schizophrenia. PQ, 11.
    160. Deutsch, H. (1937) Absence of grief. PQ, 6.
    161. Deutsch, H. (1942) Some forms of emotional disturbance and their relationship to schizophrenia. PQ, 11.
    162. Deutsch, H. (1955) The impostor. In: Neuroses and Character Types. New York: Int. Univ. Press, 1965.
    163. Devereux, G. (1953) Why Oedipus killed Lains. IJP, 34.
    164. Dewald, P. (1982) Psychoanalytic perspectives On resistance. In: resistance, Psychodynamics. and Behavioral Approaches, ed. P. Wachtel. New York: Plenum Press.
    165. Dickes, R. (1963) Fetishistic behavior. JAPA. 11.
    166. Dickes, R. (1965) The defensive function of an altered state of consciousness. JAPA, 13.
    167. Dickes, R. (1967) Severe regressive disruption of the therapeutic alliance. JAPA, 15.
    168. Dickes, R. (1981) Sexual myths and misinformation. In: Understanding Human Behaviour in Health and Illness, ed. R. C. Simon & H. Pardes. Baltimore: Williams & Wilkins.
    169. Dorpat, T. L. (1985) Denial and Defense in the Therapeutic Situation. New York: Jason Aronson.
    170. Downey, T. W. (1978) Transitional phenomena in the analysis of early adolescent males. PSOC, 33.
    171. Dunbar, F. (1954) Emotions and Bodily Functions. New York: Columbia Univ. Press.
    172. Easson, W. M. (1973) The earliest ego development, primitive memory traces, and the Isakower phenomenon. PQ, 42.
    173. Edelheit, H. (1971) Mythopoiesis and the primal scene. Psychoanal. Study Society, 5.
    174. Edgcumbe, R. & Burgner, M. (1972) Some problems in the conceptualization of early object relation ships, part I. PSOC, 27.
    175. Edgcumbe, R. & Burgner, M. (1975) The phallicnarcissistic phase. PSOC, 30.
    176. Eidelberg, L. (1960) A third contribution to the study of slips of the tongue. IJP, 41.
    177. Eidelberg, L. (1968) Encyclopedia of Psychoanalysis. New York: The Free Press; London: Collier-MacMillan.
    178. Eissler, K. R. (1953) The effect of the structure of the ego on psychoanalytic technique. JAPA, 1.
    179. Ellenberg, H. F. (1970) The Discovery of the Unconscious. New York: Basic Books.
    180. Emde, R. N. (1980) Toward a psychoanalytic theory of affect: I. & G. H. Pollock. Washington NYMH.
    181. Emde R., Gaensbaner, T. & Harmon R. (1976) Emotional Expression in Infancy. New York: Int. Univ. Press.
    182. Erode R. & Harmon, R. J. (1972) Endogenous and exogenous smiling systems in early infancy. J. Amer. Acad. Child Psychiat., 11.
    183. Engel, G. L. (1962) Psychological Development in Health and Disease. New York Saunders.
    184. Engel, G. L. (1967) Psychoanalytic theory of somatic disorder. JAPA, 15.
    185. Engel, G. L. (1968) A reconsideration of the role of conversion in somatic disease. Compr. Psychiat., 94.
    186. English, H. B. & English, A. C. (1958) A comprehensive Dictionary of Psychological and Psychoanalytical Terms. New York: David McKay.
    187. Erard, R. (1983) New wine in old skins. Int. Rev. Psychoanal., 10.
    188. Erdelyi, M. H. (1985) Psychoanalysis. New York: W. H. Freeman.
    189. Erikson, E. H. (1950) Childhood and Society. New York: Norton.
    190. Erikson, E. H. (1956) The concept of ego identity. JAPA, 4.
    191. Erikson, E. H. (1956) The problem of ego identity. JAPA, 4.
    192. Esman, A. H. (1973) The primal scene. PSOC, 28.
    193. Esman, A. H. (1975) The Psychology of Adolescence. New York: Int. Univ. Press.
    194. Esman, A. H. (1979) Some reflections on boredom. JAPA, 27.
    195. Esman, A. H. (1983) The "stimulus barrier": a review and reconsideration. PSOC, 38.
    196. Fairbairn, W. R. D. (1952) Psychoanalytic Studies of the Personality. London: Routledge & Kegan Paul.
    197. Fairbairn, W. R. D. (1954) An Object-Relations Theory of the Personality. New York: Basic Books.
    198. Fairbairn, W. R. D. (1963) Synopsis of an Object-Relations theory of the personality. IJP, 44.
    199. Fawcett, J., Clark, D. C., Scheftner, W. H. & Hedecker, D. (1983) Differences between anhedonia and normal hedonic depressive states. Arch. Gen. Psychiat., 40.
    200. Fenichel, O. (1934) On the psychology of boredom. Collected Papers. New York: Norton, 1953, vol. 1.
    201. Fenichel, O. (1941) Problems of Psychoanalytic Technique. Albany, N. Y.: Psychoanalytic Quaterly.
    202. Fenichel, O. (1945) Character disorders. In: The Psychoanalytic Theory of the Neurosis. New York: Norton.
    203. Fenichel, O. (1945) The Psychoanalytic Theory of Neurosis New York: Norton.
    204. Fenichel, O. (1954) Ego strength and ego weakness. Collected Papers. New York: Norton, vol. 2.
    205. Ferenczi, S. (1909) Introjection and transference. In: Sex in Psychoanalysis. New York: Basic Books.
    206. Ferenczi, S. (191617) Disease or patho-neurosis. The Theory and Technique of Psychoanalysis. London: Hogarth Press, 1950.
    207. Ferenczi, S. (1925) Psychoanalysis of sexual habits. In: The Theory and Technique of Psychoanalysis. New York: Basic Books.
    208. Fine, B. D., Joseph, E. D. & Waldhorn, H. F., eds. (1971) Recollection and Reconstruction in Psychoanalysis. Monograph 4, Kris Study Group. New York: Int. Univ. Press.
    209. Fink, G. (1967) Analysis of the Isakower phenomenon. JAPA, 15.
    210. Fink, P. J. (1970) Correlation between "actual" neurosis and the work of Masters and Johson. P. Q, 39.
    211. Finkenstein, L. (1975) Awe premature ejaculation. P. Q, 44.
    212. Firestein, S. K. (1978) A review of the literature. In: Termination in Psychoanalysis. New York: Int. Univ. Press.
    213. Fisher, C. et. al. (1957) A study of the preliminary stages of the construction of dreams and images. JAPA, 5.
    214. Fisher, C. et. al. (1968) Cycle of penile erection synchronous with dreaming (REM) sleep. Arch. Gen. Psychiat., 12.
    215. Fliess, R. (1942) The metapsychology of the analyst. PQ, 12.
    216. Fliess, R. (1953) The Revival of Interest in the Dream. New York: Int. Univ. Press.
    217. Fodor, N. & Gaynor, F. (1950) Freud: Dictionary of Psycho-analysis. New York: Philosophical Library.
    218. Fordham, M. (1969) Children as Individuals. London: Hodder & Stoughton.
    219. Fordham, M. (1976) The Self and Autism. London: Academic Press.
    220. Fraiberg, S. (1969) Object constancy and mental representation. PSOC, 24.
    221. Frank, A. Metapsychology. PMS. Forthcoming.
    222. Frank, A. & Muslin, H. (1967) The development of Freud's concept of primal repression. PSOC, 22.
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    735. Rosenthal, S. M. (1968) The involutional depressive syndrome. Amer J. Psychiat., 124.
    736. Ross, N. (1967) The "as-if" concept. JAPA, 15.
    737. Ross, N. (1970) The primacy of genitality in the light of ego psychology. JAPA, 18.
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    742. Rycroft, C. (1968) A critical Dictionary of Psychoanalysis New York: Basic Books.
    743. Sachs, D. M. (1979) On the relationship between psycho-analysis and psychoanalytic psychotherapy. Bull. Phila Assn. Psychoanal, 6.
    744. Sachs, H. (1942) The Creative Unconscious Cambridge, Mass.: Sci. Art. Publishers.
    745. Samuels, A. (1985) Jung and the Post-Jungians London — Routledge & Kegan Paul.
    746. Sandler, J. (1960) On the concept of the superego. PSOC, 15.
    747. Sandler, J., Dare, C. & Holder, A (1973) The negative therapeutic reaction. In: The Patient and the Analyst New York: Int. Univ. Press.
    748. Sandler, J. & Freud, A. (1985) The Analysis of Defense. New York: Int. Univ. Press.
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    751. Sandler, J. & Rosenblatt, B. (1962) The concept of the representational world. PSOC, 17.
    752. Sandler, J. & Sandier, A. M. (1978) On the development of object relationships and affects. IJP, 59.
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    Словарь психоаналитических терминов и понятий > БИБЛИОГРАФИЯ

  • 10 norma

    f ( precetto) rule, precept
    technology standard
    norme per l'uso instructions (for use)
    a norma di legge up to standard
    a norma di legge... complies with...
    * * *
    norma s.f.
    1 ( regola) rule, norm, standard; precept; provision; ( principio) principle: le buone norme dell'educazione, the rules (o principles) of good manners; attenersi a una norma, to obey (o to follow) a rule; applicare una norma, to apply a rule; dettare le norme, to set the standards; procedere secondo le norme, to act according to the rules; seguire le norme, to observe the rules; trasgredire le norme, to break the rules // di norma, as a rule // per vostra norma, for your guidance (o fam. information); per tua norma ( e regola) ricordati che non ammetto questo linguaggio, let me tell you once and for all that I don't allow that kind of language // norme di sicurezza, safety regulations (o standards) // (amm.): norme generali, general rules; norme e regolamenti, rules and regulations; deroga dalla norma, deviation from the norm // (dir.): norma contrattuale, provision of a contract; norma di legge, rule of law; a norma di legge, according to law; le norme vigenti, the regulations in force; norme di lavoro, work rules // a norma, in conformity with the law (o with the regulations)
    2 ( avvertenza, istruzione) instruction, direction; ( regolamento) regulation; norme per l'uso, instructions (o directions) for use; (comm.) norme per la spedizione, shipping regulations // (inform.) norme di funzionamento, specifications
    3 ( consuetudine) custom, tradition; norm: inferiore, superiore alla norma, below, above norm (o par); secondo la norma ora terrà il discorso inaugurale, as is the custom, he will now deliver the inaugural address; di norma la partecipazione del pubblico è numerosa, people usually participate in large numbers // (econ.): norma di produzione, norm of production (o production standard); aumento salariale inferiore alla norma nazionale, pay increase below the national norm
    4 (mat.) norm: norma di un vettore, norm of a vector.
    * * *
    ['nɔrma]
    sostantivo femminile
    1) (regola, principio) norm, rule
    3) dir. rule; (legge) law; (regolamento) regulation

    le -e vigenti — the regulations in force, the current regulations

    4) (consuetudine) rule, custom, norm

    sopra, sotto la norma — above, below the norm

    5) tecn. ind. comm. standard, regulation

    - e di sicurezza — safety standards o regulations

    * * *
    norma
    /'nɔrma/
    sostantivo f.
     1 (regola, principio) norm, rule; norma di comportamento rule of conduct; è buona norma rispondere it's a good rule to answer; per tua norma (e regola) for your information
     2 (istruzione scritta) - e per l'uso instructions for use
     3 dir. rule; (legge) law; (regolamento) regulation; le -e vigenti the regulations in force, the current regulations; a norma di legge according to the law
     4 (consuetudine) rule, custom, norm; sopra, sotto la norma above, below the norm; di norma as a rule
     5 tecn. ind. comm. standard, regulation; - e di sicurezza safety standards o regulations.

    Dizionario Italiano-Inglese > norma

  • 11 अर्थः _arthḥ

    अर्थः [In some of its senses from अर्थ्; in others from ऋ-थन् Uṇ.2.4; अर्थते ह्यसौ अर्थिभिः Nir.]
    1 Object, pur- pose, end and aim; wish, desire; ज्ञातार्थो ज्ञातसंबन्धः श्रोतुं श्रोता प्रवर्तते, सिद्ध˚, ˚परिपन्थी Mu.5; ˚वशात् 5.8; स्मर्तव्यो$स्मि सत्यर्थे Dk.117 if it be necessary; Y.2.46; M.4.6; oft. used in this sense as the last member of compounds and translated by 'for', 'intended for', 'for the sake of', 'on account of', 'on behalf of', and used like an adj. to qualify nouns; अर्थेन तु नित्य- समासो विशेष्यनिघ्रता च Vārt.; सन्तानार्थाय विधये R.1.34; तां देवतापित्रतिथिक्रियार्थाम् (धेनुम्) 2.16; द्विजार्था यवागूः Sk.; यज्ञार्थात्कर्मणो$न्यत्र Bg.3.9. It mostly occurs in this sense as अर्थम्, अर्थे or अर्थाय and has an adverbial force; (a) किमर्थम् for what purpose, why; यदर्थम् for whom or which; वेलोपलक्षणार्थम् Ś.4; तद्दर्शनादभूच्छम्भोर्भूयान्दारार्थ- मादरः Ku.6.13; (b) परार्थे प्राज्ञ उत्सृजेत् H.1.41; गवार्थे ब्राह्मणार्थे च Pt.1.42; मदर्थे त्यक्तजीविताः Bg.1.9; (c) सुखार्थाय Pt.4.18; प्रत्याख्याता मया तत्र नलस्यार्थाय देवताः Nala.13.19; ऋतुपर्णस्य चार्थाय 23.9.
    -2 Cause, motive, reason, ground, means; अलुप्तश्च मुनेः क्रियार्थः R. 2.55 means or cause; अतो$र्थात् Ms.2.213.
    -3 Meaning, sense, signification, import; अर्थ is of 3 kinds:-- वाच्य or expressed, लक्ष्य or indicated (secondary), and व्यङ्ग्य or suggested; तददोषौ शब्दार्थौ K. P.1; अर्थो वाच्यश्च लक्ष्यश्च व्यङ्ग्यश्चेति त्रिधा मतः S. D.2; वागर्थाविव R.1.1; अवेक्ष्य धातोर्गमनार्थमर्थवित् 3.21.
    -4 A thing, object, substance; लक्ष्मणो$र्थं ततः श्रुत्वा Rām.7.46.18; अर्थो हि कन्या परकीय एव Ś.4.22; that which can be perceived by the senses, an object of sense; इन्द्रिय˚ H.1.146; Ku.7.71; R.2.51; न निर्बद्धा उपसर्गा अर्थान्निराहुः Nir.; इन्द्रियेभ्यः परा ह्यर्था अर्थेभ्यश्च परं मनः Kaṭh. (the objects of sense are five: रूप, रस, गन्ध, स्पर्श and शब्द); शब्दः स्पर्शो रसो गन्धो रूपं चेत्यर्थजातयः Bhāg.11.22.16.
    -5 (a) An affair, business, matter, work; प्राक् प्रतिपन्नो$यमर्थो$- ङ्गराजाय Ve.3; अर्थो$यमर्थान्तरभाव्य एव Ku.3.18; अर्थो$र्था- नुबन्धी Dk.67; सङ्गीतार्थः Me.66 business of singing i. e. musical concert (apparatus of singing); सन्देशार्थाः Me. 5 matters of message, i. e. messages; (b) Interest, object; स्वार्थसाधनतत्परः Ms.4.196; द्वयमेवार्थसाधनम् R.1. 19;2.21; दुरापे$र्थे 1.72; सर्वार्थचिन्तकः Ms.7.121; माल- विकायां न मे कश्चिदर्थः M.3 I have no interest in M. (c) Subject-matter, contents (as of letters &c.); त्वामव- गतार्थं करिष्यति Mu.1 will acquaint you with the matter; उत्तरो$यं लेखार्थः ibid.; तेन हि अस्य गृहीतार्था भवामि V.2 if so I should know its contents; ननु परिगृहीतार्थो$- स्मि कृतो भवता V.5; तया भवतो$विनयमन्तरेण परिगृहीतार्था कृता देवी M.4 made acquainted with; त्वया गृहीतार्थया अत्रभवती कथं न वारिता 3; अगृहीतार्थे आवाम् Ś.6; इति पौरान् गृहीतार्थान् कृत्वा ibid.
    -6 Wealth, riches, property, money (said to be of 3 kinds: शुक्ल honestly got; शबल got by more or less doubtful means, and कृष्ण dishonestly got;) त्यागाय संभृतार्थानाम् R.1.7; धिगर्थाः कष्टसंश्रयाः Pt.1.163; अर्थानामर्जने दुःखम् ibid.; सस्यार्थास्तस्य मित्राणि1.3; तेषामर्थे नियुञ्जीत शूरान् दक्षान् कुलोद्गतान् Ms.7.62.
    -7 Attainment of riches or worldly prosperity, regarded as one of the four ends of human existence, the other three being धर्म, काम and मोक्ष; with अर्थ and काम, धर्म forms the well-known triad; cf. Ku.5.38; अप्यर्थकामौ तस्यास्तां धर्म एव मनीषिणः R.1.25.
    -8 (a) Use, advantage, profit, good; तथा हि सर्वे तस्यासन् परार्थैकफला गुणाः R.1.29 for the good of others; अर्थान- र्थावुभौ बुद्ध्वा Ms.8.24 good and evil; क्षेत्रिणामर्थः 9.52; यावानर्थ उदपाने सर्वतः सांप्लुतोदके Bg.2.46; also व्यर्थ, निरर्थक q. v. (b) Use, want, need, concern, with instr.; को$र्थः पुत्रेण जातेन Pt.1 what is the use of a son being born; कश्च तेनार्थः Dk.59; को$र्थस्तिरश्चां गुणैः Pt.2.33 what do brutes care for merits; Bh.2.48; योग्येनार्थः कस्य न स्याज्ज- नेन Ś.18.66; नैव तस्य कृतेनार्थो नाकृतेनेह कश्चन Bg.3.18; यदि प्राणैरिहार्थो वो निवर्तध्वम् Rām. को नु मे जीवितेनार्थः Nala.12. 65.
    -9 Asking, begging; request, suit, petition.
    -1 Action, plaint (in law); अर्थ विरागाः पश्यन्ति Rām.2.1. 58; असाक्षिकेषु त्वर्थेषु Ms.8.19.
    -11 The actual state, fact of the matter; as in यथार्थ, अर्थतः, ˚तत्वविद्, यदर्थेन विनामुष्य पुंस आत्मविपर्ययः Bhāg.3.7.1.
    -12 Manner, kind, sort.
    -13 Prevention, warding off; मशकार्थो धूमः; prohibition, abolition (this meaning may also be derived from 1 above).
    -14 Price (perhaps an incorrect form for अर्घ).
    -15 Fruit, result (फलम्). तस्य नानुभवेदर्थं यस्य हेतोः स रोपितः Rām.6.128.7; Mb.12.175.5.
    -16 N. of a son of धर्म.
    -17 The second place from the लग्न (in astr.).
    -18 N. of Viṣṇu.
    -19 The category called अपूर्व (in पूर्वमीमांसा); अर्थ इति अपूर्वं ब्रूमः । ŚB. on MS.7.1.2.
    -2 Force (of a statement or an expres- sion); अर्थाच्च सामर्थ्याच्च क्रमो विधीयते । ŚB. on MS.5.1.2. [अर्थात् = by implication].
    -21 The need, purpose, sense; व्यवधानादर्थो बलीयान् । ŚB. on MS.6.4.23.
    -22 Capacity, power; अर्थाद्वा कल्पनैकदेशत्वात् । Ms.1.4.3 (where Śabara paraphrases अर्थात् by सामर्थ्यात् and states the rule: आख्यातानामर्थं ब्रुवतां शक्तिः सहकारिणी ।), cf. अर्थो$भिधेयरैवस्तुप्रयोजननिवृत्तिषु । मोक्षकारणयोश्च...... Nm.
    -Comp. -अतिदेशः Extension (of gender, number &e.) to the objects (as against words), i. e. to treat a single object as though it were many, a female as though it were male. (तन्त्रवार्त्तिक 1.2.58.3;6.3.34.7).
    -अधिकारः charge of money, office of treasurer ˚रे न नियोक्तव्यौ H.2.
    -अधिकारिन् m. a treasurer, one charged with finan- cial duties, finance minister.
    -अनुपपत्तिः f. The difficulty of accounting for or explaining satisfactorily a particular meaning; incongruity of a particular meaning (तन्त्रवार्त्तिक 4.3.42.2).
    -अनुयायिन् a. Following the rules (शास्त्र); तत्त्रिकालहितं वाक्यं धर्म्यमर्थानुयायि च Rām.5.51.21.
    -अन्वेषणम् inquiry after a matter.
    -अन्तरम् 1 another or different meaning.
    -2 another cause or motive; अर्थो$यम- र्थान्तरभाव्य एव Ku.3.18.
    -3 A new matter or circum- stance, new affair.
    -4 opposite or antithetical meaning, difference of meaning. ˚न्यासः a figure of speech in which a general proposition is adduced to support a particular instance, or a particular instance, to support a general proposition; it is an inference from parti- cular to general and vice versa; उक्तिरर्थान्तरन्यासः स्यात् सामान्यविशेषयोः । (1) हनूमानब्धिमतरद् दुष्करं किं महात्मनाम् ॥ (2) गुणवद्वस्तुसंसर्गाद्याति नीचो$पि गौरवम् । पुष्पमालानुषङ्गेण सूत्रं शिरसि धार्यते Kuval.; cf. also K. P.1 and S. D.79. (Ins- tances of this figure abound in Sanskrit literature, especi- ally in the works of Kālidāsa, Māgha and Bhāravi).
    -अन्वित a.
    1 rich, wealthy.
    -2 significant.
    -अभिधान a.
    1 That whose name is connected with the purpose to be served by it; अर्थाभिधानं प्रयोजनसम्बद्धमभिधानं यस्य, यथा पुरोडाश- कपालमिति पुरोडाशार्थं कपालं पुरोडाशकपालम् । ŚB. on MS.4.1. 26.
    -2 Expression or denotation of the desired meaning (वार्त्तिक 3.1.2.5.).
    -अर्थिन् a. one who longs for or strives to get wealth or gain any object. अर्थार्थी जीवलोको$यम् । आर्तो जिज्ञासुरर्थार्थी Bg.7.16.
    -अलंकरः a figure of speech determined by and dependent on the sense, and not on sound (opp. शब्दालंकार). अलंकारशेखर of केशवमिश्र mentions (verse 29) fourteen types of अर्थालंकारs as follows:- उपमारूपकोत्प्रेक्षाः समासोक्तिरपह्नुतिः । समाहितं स्वभावश्च विरोधः सारदीपकौ ॥ सहोक्तिरन्यदेशत्वं विशेषोक्तिर्विभावना । एवं स्युरर्थालकारा- श्चतुर्दश न चापरे ॥
    -आगमः 1 acquisition of wealth, income; ˚गमाय स्यात् Pt.1. cf. also अर्थागमो नित्यमरोगिता च H.
    -2 collection of property.
    -3 conveying of sense; S. D.737.
    -आपत्तिः f. [अर्थस्य अनुक्तार्थस्य आपत्तिः सिद्धिः]
    1 an inference from circumstances, presumption, im- plication, one of the five sources of knowledge or modes of proof, according to the Mīmāṁsakas. It is 'deduc- tion of a matter from that which could not else be'; it is 'assumption of a thing, not itself perceived but necessarily implied by another which is seen, heard, or proved'; it is an inference used to account for an apparent inconsistency; as in the familiar instance पीनो देवदत्तो दिवा न भुङ्क्ते the apparent inconsistency between 'fatness' and 'not eating by day' is accounted for by the inference of his 'eating by night'. पीनत्वविशि- ष्टस्य देवदत्तस्य रात्रिभोजित्वरूपार्थस्य शब्दानुक्तस्यापि आपत्तिः. It is defined by Śabara as दृष्टः श्रुतो वार्थो$न्यथा नोपपद्यते इत्यर्थ- कल्पना । यथा जीवति देवदत्ते गृहाभावदर्शनेन बहिर्भावस्यादृष्टस्य कल्पना ॥ Ms.1.1.5. It may be seen from the words दृष्टः and श्रुतः in the above definition, that Śabara has sug- gested two varieties of अर्थापत्ति viz. दृष्टार्थापत्ति and श्रुता- र्थापत्ति. The illustration given by him, however, is of दृष्टार्थापत्ति only. The former i. e. दृष्टार्थापत्ति consists in the presumption of some अदृष्ट अर्थ to account for some दृष्ट अर्थ (or अर्थs) which otherwise becomes inexplicable. The latter, on the other hand, consists in the presump- tion of some अर्थ through अश्रुत शब्द to account for some श्रुत अर्थ (i. e. some statement). This peculiarity of श्रुतार्थापत्ति is clearly stated in the following couplet; यत्र त्वपरिपूर्णस्य वाक्यस्यान्वयसिद्धये । शब्दो$ध्याह्रियते तत्र श्रुतार्थापत्ति- रिष्यते ॥ Mānameyodaya p.129 (ed. by K. Raja, Adyar, 1933). Strictly speaking it is no separate mode of proof; it is only a case of अनुमान and can be proved by a व्यतिरेकव्याप्ति; cf. Tarka. K.17 and S. D.46.
    -2 a figure of speech (according to some rhe- toricians) in which a relevant assertion suggests an inference not actually connected with the the subject in hand, or vice versa; it corresponds to what is popularly called कैमुतिकन्याय or दण्डापूपन्याय; e. g. हारो$यं हरिणाक्षीणां लुण्ठति स्तनमण्डले । मुक्तानामप्यवस्थेयं के वयं स्मरकिङ्कराः Amaru.1; अभितप्तमयो$पि मार्दवं भजते कैव कथा शरीरिषु R.8.43.; S. D. thus defines the figure:- दण्डापूपिकन्यायार्थागमो$र्थापत्तिरिष्यते.
    -उत्पत्तिः f. acquisition of wealth; so ˚उपार्जनम्.
    -उपक्षेपकः an introductory scene (in dramas); अर्थोपक्षेपकाः पञ्च S. D.38. They are विष्कम्भ, चूलिका, अङ्कास्य, अङ्कावतार, प्रवेशक.
    -उपमा a simile dependent on sense and not on sound; see under उपमा.
    -उपार्जनम् Acquiring wealth.
    -उष्मन् m. the glow or warmth of wealth; अर्थोष्मणा विरहितः पुरुषः स एव Bh.2.4.
    -ओघः, -राशिः treasure, hoard of money.
    -कर (
    -री f.),
    -कृत a.
    1 bringing in wealth, enriching; अर्थकरी च विद्या H. Pr.3.
    -2 useful, advan- tageous.
    -कर्मन् n.
    1 a principal action (opp. गुणकर्मन्).
    -2 (as opposed to प्रतिपत्तिकर्मन्), A fruitful act (as opposed to mere disposal or प्रतिपत्ति); अर्थकर्म वा कर्तृ- संयोगात् स्रग्वत् । MS.4.2.17.
    -काम a. desirous of wealth. (-˚मौ dual), wealth and (sensual) desire or pleasure; अप्यर्थकामौ तस्यास्तां धर्म एव मनीषिणः R.1.25. ह्रत्वार्थकामास्तु गुरूनिहैव Bg.2.5.
    -कार्ष्यम् Poverty. निर्बन्धसंजातरुषार्थकार्घ्यमचिन्तयित्वा गुरुणाहमुक्तः R.5.21.
    -काशिन् a. Only apparently of utility (not really).
    -किल्बिषिन् a. dishonest in money-matters.
    -कृच्छ्रम् 1 a difficult matter.
    -2 pecuniary difficulty; व्यसनं वार्थकृच्छ्रे वा Rām.4.7.9; Mb.3.2.19; cf. also Kau. A.1.15 न मुह्येदर्थकृच्छ्रेषु Nīti.
    -कृत्यम् doing or execution of a business; अभ्युपेतार्थकृत्याः Me.4.
    -कोविद a. Expert in a matter, experienced. उवाच रामो धर्मात्मा पुनरप्यर्थकोविदः Rām.6.4.8.
    -क्रमः due order or sequ- ence of purpose.
    -क्रिया (a) An implied act, an act which is to be performed as a matter of course (as opposed to शब्दोक्तक्रिया); असति शब्दोक्ते अर्थक्रिया भवति ŚB. on MS.12.1.12. (b) A purposeful action. (see अर्थकर्मन्).
    -गत a.
    1 based on the sense (as a दोष).
    -2 devoid of sense.
    -गतिः understanding the sense.
    -गुणाः cf. भाविकत्वं सुशब्दत्वं पर्यायोक्तिः सुधर्मिता । चत्वारो$र्थगुणाः प्रोक्ताः परे त्वत्रैव संगताः ॥ अलंकारशेखर 21.
    -गृहम् A treasury. Hariv.
    -गौरवम् depth of meaning; भारवेरर्थगौरवम् Udb., Ki.2.27.
    -घ्न a. (
    घ्नी f.) extrava- gant, wasteful, prodigal; सुरापी व्याधिता धूर्ता वन्ध्यार्थघ्न्य- प्रियंवदा Y.1.73; व्याधिता वाधिवेत्तव्या हिंस्रार्थघ्नी च सर्वदा Ms.9.8.
    -चित्रम् 'variety in sense', a pun, Kāvya- prakāśa.
    -चिन्तक a.
    1 thinking of profit.
    -2 having charge of affairs; सर्वार्थचिन्तकः Ms.7.121.
    -चिन्ता, -चिन्तनम् charge or administration of (royal) affairs; मन्त्री स्यादर्थचिन्तायाम् S. D.
    -जात a.
    1 full of meaning.
    -2 wealthy (जातधन).
    (-तम्) 1 a collection of things.
    -2 large amount of wealth, considerable property; Dk.63, Ś.6; ददाति च नित्यमर्थजातम् Mk.2.7.
    -3 all matters; कवय इव महीपाश्चिन्तयन्त्यर्थजातम् Śi.11.6.
    -4 its own meaning; वहन्द्वयीं यद्यफले$र्थजाते Ki.3.48.
    -ज्ञ a. knowing the sense or purpose; अर्थज्ञ इत्सकलं भद्रमश्नुते Nir.
    -तत्त्वम् 1 the real truth, the fact of the matter; यो$र्थतत्त्वमविज्ञाय क्रोधस्यैव वशं गतः H.4.94.
    -2 the real nature or cause of anything.
    -द a.
    1 yielding wealth; Dk.41.
    -2 advantageous, productive of good, useful.
    -3 liberal, munificent Ms.2.19.
    -4 favour- able, compliant. (
    -दः) N. of Kubera.
    -दर्शकः 'one who sees law-suits'; a judge.
    -दर्शनम् perception of objects; कुरुते दीप इवार्थदर्शनम् Ki.2.33; Dk.155.
    -दूषणम् 1 extravagance, waste; H.3.18; Ms.7.48.
    -2 unjust seizure of property or withholding what is due.
    -3 finding fault with the meaning.
    -4 spoiling of another's property.
    -दृश् f. Consideration of truth; क्षेमं त्रिलोकगुरुरर्थदृशं च यच्छन् Bhāg.1.86.21.
    -दृष्टिः Seeing profit; Bhāg.
    -दोषः a literary fault or blemish with regard to the sense, one of the four doṣas or blemishes of literary composition, the other three being परदोष, पदांशदोष, वाक्यदोष; for definitions &c. see K. P.7. अलंकारशेखर of केशवमिश्र who mentions eight types of doṣas as follows: अष्टार्थदोषाः विरस, -ग्राम्य, -व्याहत, -खिन्नताः । -हीना, -धिका, सदृक्साम्यं देशादीनां विरोधि च ॥ 17
    -द्वयविधानम् Injunction of two ideas or senses; विधाने चार्थद्वयविधानं दोषः ŚB. on MS.1.8.7.
    -नित्य a. = अर्थ- प्रधान Nir.
    -निबन्धन a. dependent on wealth.
    -निश्चयः determination, decision.
    -प्रतिः 1 'the lord of riches', a a king; किंचिद् विहस्यार्थपतिं बभाषे R.2.46;1.59;9.3;18.1; Pt.1.74.
    -2 an epithet of Kubera.
    -पदम् N. of the Vārt. on Pāṇini; ससूत्रवृत्त्यर्थपदं महार्थं ससंग्रहं सिद्ध्यति वै कपीन्द्रः Rām.7.36.45.
    -पर, -लुब्ध a.
    1 intent on gaining wealth, greedy of wealth, covetous.
    -2 niggardly, parsimonious; हिंस्रा दयालुरपि चार्थपरा वदान्या Bh.2.47; Pt.1.425.
    -प्रकृतिः f. the leading source or occasion of the grand object in a drama; (the number of these 'sources' is five:-- बीजं बिन्दुः पताका च प्रकरी कार्यमेव च । अर्थप्रकृतयः पञ्च ज्ञात्वा योज्या यथाविधि S. D.317.)
    -प्रयोगः 1 usury.
    -2 administration of the affairs (of a state)
    -प्राप्त a. derived or understood from the sense included as a matter of course, implied; परिसमाप्तिः शब्दार्थः । परिसमाप्त्यामर्थप्राप्तत्वादारम्भस्य । ŚB. on MS.6.2.13.
    -˚त्वम् Inplication.
    -बन्धः 1 arrange- ment of words, composition, text; stanza, verse; संचिन्त्य गीतक्षममर्थबन्धम् Ś.7.5; ललितार्थबन्धम् V.2.14 put or expressed in elegant words.
    -2. connection (of the soul) with the objects of sense.
    -बुद्धि a. selfish.
    -बोधः indication of the (real) import.
    -भाज् a. entitled to a share in the division of property.
    -भावनम् Delibera- tion over a subject (Pātañjala Yogadarśana 1.28).
    -भृत् a. receiving high wages (as a servant).
    -भेदः distinc- tion or difference of meaning; अर्थभेदेन शब्दभेदः.
    -मात्रम्, -त्रा 1 property, wealth; Pt.2.
    -2 the whole sense or object.
    -युक्त a. significant, full of यस्यार्थयुक्तं meaning; गिरिराजशब्दं कुर्वन्ति Ku.1.13.
    -लक्षण a. As determined by the purpose or need (as opposed to शब्दलक्षण); लोके कर्मार्थलक्षणम् Ms.11.1.26.
    -लाभः acquisition of wealth.
    -लोभः avarice.
    -वशः power in the form of discrimination and knowledge. अर्थवशात् सप्तरूपविनिवृत्ताम् Sāvk.65.
    -वादः 1 declaration of any purpose.
    -2 affirmation, declaratory assertion, an explanatory remark, exegesis; speech or assertion having a certain object; a sentence. (It usually recommends a विधि or precept by stating the good arising from its proper observance, and the evils arising from its omission, and also by adducing historical instances in its support; स्तुतिर्निन्दा परकृतिः पुराकल्प इत्यर्थवादः Gaut. Sūt.; said by Laugākṣi to be of 3 kinds:- गुणवादो विरोधे स्यादनु वादो$वधारिते । भूतार्थवादस्तद्धानादर्थ- वादस्त्रिधा मतः; the last kind includes many varieties.)
    -3 one of the six means of finding out the tātparya (real aim and object) of any work.
    -4 praise, eulogy; अर्थवाद एषः । दोषं तु मे कंचित्कथय U.1.
    -विकरणम् = अर्थ- विक्रिया change of meaning.
    -विकल्पः 1 deviation from truth, perversion of fact.
    -2 prevarication; also ˚वैकल्प्यम्
    -विज्ञानम् comprehending the sense, one of the six exercises of the understanding (धीगुण).
    -विद् a. sensible, wise, sagacious. भुङ्क्ते तदपि तच्चान्यो मधुहेवार्थविन्मधु Bhāg.11.18.15. विवक्षतामर्थविदस्तत्क्षणप्रतिसंहृताम् Śi.
    -विद्या knowledge of practical life; Mb.7.
    -विपत्तिः Failing of an aim; समीक्ष्यतां चार्थविपत्तिमार्गताम् Rām.2.19.4.
    -विभावक a. money-giver; विप्रेभ्यो$र्थविभावकः Mb.3.33. 84.
    -विप्रकर्षः difficulty in the comprehension of the sense.
    -विशेषणम् a reprehensive repetition of something uttered by another; S. D.49.
    -वृद्धिः f. accumulation of wealth.
    -व्ययः expenditure; ˚ज्ञ a. conversant with money-matters.
    -शब्दौ Word and sense.
    -शालिन् a. Wealthy.
    -शास्त्रम् 1 the science of wealth (political economy).
    -2 science of polity, political science, politics; अर्थशास्त्रविशारदं सुधन्वानमुपाध्यायम् Rām.2.1.14. Dk.12; इह खलु अर्थशास्त्रकारास्त्रिविधां सिद्धिमुपवर्णयन्ति Mu.3; ˚व्यवहारिन् one dealing with politics, a politician; Mu.5.
    -3 science giving precepts on general conduct, the science of practical life; Pt.1.
    -शौचम् purity or honesty in money-matters; सर्वेषां चैव शौचानामर्थशौचं परं स्मृतं Ms. 5.16.
    -श्री Great wealth.
    -संस्थानम् 1 accumulation of wealth.
    -2 treasury.
    -संग्रहः, -संचयः accumulation or acquisition of wealth, treasure, property. कोशेनाश्रयणी- यत्वमिति तस्यार्थसंग्रहः R.17.6. कुदेशमासाद्य कुतो$र्थसंचयः H.
    -संग्रहः a book on Mīmāṁsā by Laugākṣi Bhāskara.
    -सतत्त्वम् truth; किं पुनरत्रार्थसतत्त्वम् । देवा ज्ञातुमर्हन्ति MBh. or P.VIII.3.72.
    -समाजः aggregate of causes.
    -समाहारः 1 treasure.
    -2 acquisition of wealth.
    -संपद् f. accomplishment of a desired object; उपेत्य संघर्ष- मिवार्थसंपदः Ki.1.15.
    -संपादनम् Carrying out of an affair; Ms.7.168.
    -संबन्धः connection of the sense with the word or sentence.
    -संबन्धिन् a. Concerned or interested in an affair; Ms.8.64.
    -साधक a.
    1 accomplishing any object.
    -2 bringing any matter to a conclusion.
    -सारः considerable wealth; Pt.2.42.
    -सिद्ध a. understood from the very context (though not expressed in words), inferable from the connection of words.
    -सिद्धिः f. fulfilment of a desired object, success. द्वारमिवार्थसिद्धेः R.2.21.
    -हानिः Loss of wealth
    -हारिन् a. stealing money Ks.
    -हर a. inheriting wealth.
    -हीन a.
    1 deprived of wealth, poor.
    -2 unmeaning, nonsensical.
    -3 failing.

    Sanskrit-English dictionary > अर्थः _arthḥ

  • 12 Fairbairn, William

    SUBJECT AREA: Ports and shipping
    [br]
    b. 19 February 1789 Kelso, Roxburghshire, Scotland
    d. 18 August 1874 Farnham, Surrey, England
    [br]
    Scottish engineer and shipbuilder, pioneer in the use of iron in structures.
    [br]
    Born in modest circumstances, Fairbairn nevertheless enjoyed a broad and liberal education until around the age of 14. Thereafter he served an apprenticeship as a millwright in a Northumberland colliery. This seven-year period marked him out as a man of determination and intellectual ability; he planned his life around the practical work of pit-machinery maintenance and devoted his limited free time to the study of mathematics, science and history as well as "Church, Milton and Recreation". Like many before and countless thousands after, he worked in London for some difficult and profitless years, and then moved to Manchester, the city he was to regard as home for the rest of his life. In 1816 he was married. Along with a workmate, James Lillie, he set up a general engineering business, which steadily enlarged and ultimately involved both shipbuilding and boiler-making. The partnership was dissolved in 1832 and Fairbairn continued on his own. Consultancy work commissioned by the Forth and Clyde Canal led to the construction of iron steamships by Fairbairn for the canal; one of these, the PS Manchester was lost in the Irish Sea (through the little-understood phenomenon of compass deviation) on her delivery voyage from Manchester to the Clyde. This brought Fairbairn to the forefront of research in this field and confirmed him as a shipbuilder in the novel construction of iron vessels. In 1835 he operated the Millwall Shipyard on the Isle of Dogs on the Thames; this is regarded as one of the first two shipyards dedicated to iron production from the outset (the other being Tod and MacGregor of Glasgow). Losses at the London yard forced Fairbairn to sell off, and the yard passed into the hands of John Scott Russell, who built the I.K. Brunel -designed Great Eastern on the site. However, his business in Manchester went from strength to strength: he produced an improved Cornish boiler with two firetubes, known as the Lancashire boiler; he invented a riveting machine; and designed the beautiful swan-necked box-structured crane that is known as the Fairbairn crane to this day.
    Throughout his life he advocated the widest use of iron; he served on the Admiralty Committee of 1861 investigating the use of this material in the Royal Navy. In his later years he travelled widely in Europe as an engineering consultant and published many papers on engineering. His contribution to worldwide engineering was recognized during his lifetime by the conferment of a baronetcy by Queen Victoria.
    [br]
    Principal Honours and Distinctions
    Created Baronet 1869. FRS 1850. Elected to the Academy of Science of France 1852. President, Institution of Mechnical Engineers 1854. Royal Society Gold Medal 1860. President, British Association 1861.
    Bibliography
    Fairbairn wrote many papers on a wide range of engineering subjects from water-wheels to iron metallurgy and from railway brakes to the strength of iron ships. In 1856 he contributed the article on iron to the 8th edition of Encyclopaedia Britannica.
    Further Reading
    W.Pole (ed.), 1877, The Life of Sir William Fairbairn Bart, London: Longmans Green; reprinted 1970, David and Charles Reprints (written in part by Fairbairn, but completed and edited by Pole).
    FMW

    Biographical history of technology > Fairbairn, William

  • 13 Barlow, Peter

    SUBJECT AREA: Ports and shipping
    [br]
    b. 13 October 1776 Norwich, England
    d. 1 March 1862 Kent, England
    [br]
    English mathematician, physicist and optician.
    [br]
    Barlow had little formal academic education, but by his own efforts rectified this deficiency. His contributions to various periodicals ensured that he became recognized as a man of considerable scientific understanding. In 1801, through competitive examination, he became Assistant Mathematics Master at the Royal Military Academy, Woolwich, and some years later was promoted to Professor. He resigned from this post in 1847, but retained full salary in recognition of his many public services.
    He is remembered for several notable achievements, and for some experiments designed to overcome problems such as the deviation of compasses in iron ships. Here, he proposed the use of small iron plates designed to overcome other attractions: these were used by both the British and Russian navies. Optical experiments commenced around 1827 and in later years he carried out tests to optimize the size and shape of many parts used in the railways that were spreading throughout Britain and elsewhere at that time.
    In 1814 he published mathematical tables of squares, cubes, square roots, cube roots and reciprocals of all integers from 1 to 10,000. This volume was of great value in ship design and other engineering processes where heavy numerical effort is required; it was reprinted many times, the last being in 1965 when it had been all but superseded by the calculator and the computer. In the preface to the original edition, Barlow wrote, "the only motive which prompted me to engage in this unprofitable task was the utility that I conceived might result from my labour… if I have succeeded in facilitating abstruse arithmetical calculations, then I have obtained the object in view."
    [br]
    Principal Honours and Distinctions
    FRS 1823; Copley Medal (for discoveries in magnetism) 1825. Honorary Member, Institution of Civil Engineers 1820.
    Bibliography
    1811, An Elementary Investigation of the Theory of Numbers.
    1814, Barlow's Tables (these have continued to be published until recently, one edition being in 1965 (London: Spon); later editions have taken the integers up to 12,500).
    1817, Essay on the Strength of Timber and Other Materials.
    Further Reading
    Dictionary of National Biography.
    FMW

    Biographical history of technology > Barlow, Peter

  • 14 deverticulum

    dēvertĭcŭlum (many MSS. and some edd. dīvert-, old form dēvort-), i, n. [deverto].
    I.
    A by-road, by-path, side-way.
    A.
    Prop.:

    quae deverticula flexionesque quaesivisti?

    Cic. Pis. 22, 53; Ter. Eun. 4, 2, 7; Curt. 3, 13, 9; Suet. Ner. 48; Plin. 31, 3, 25, § 42; Front. Aquaed. 5:

    fluminis,

    a branch, Dig. 41, 3, 45; 44, 3, 7.—
    B.
    Trop., a deviation, digression:

    legentibus velut deverticula amoena quaerere,

    Liv. 9, 17; cf. Quint. 10, 1, 29; 9, 2, 79: aquarum calidarum, i. e. a mode of cure (deviating from the simple one) by the use of warm water, Plin. 29, 1, 8, § 23:

    significationis,

    derivation, Gell. 4, 9 in lemm.:

    a deverticulo repetatur fabula,

    from the digression, Juv. 15, 72:

    per varia sectarum deverticula,

    byways of doctrine, Arn. 2, 13.—
    II.
    A place for travellers to put up; an inn, a lodging.
    A.
    Prop.:

    cum gladii abditi ex omnibus locis deverticuli protraherentur,

    Liv. 1, 51 fin.; also, a resort for low characters:

    lupanaria et deverticula,

    Tac. A. 13, 27.—
    B.
    Trop., a refuge, retreat, lurking-place, Plaut. Capt. 3, 3, 8; Cic. Part. 39, 136; id. Rosc. Com. 17, 51; Quint. 12, 3, 11; Plin. 10, 50, 71, § 140.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > deverticulum

  • 15 devorticulum

    dēvertĭcŭlum (many MSS. and some edd. dīvert-, old form dēvort-), i, n. [deverto].
    I.
    A by-road, by-path, side-way.
    A.
    Prop.:

    quae deverticula flexionesque quaesivisti?

    Cic. Pis. 22, 53; Ter. Eun. 4, 2, 7; Curt. 3, 13, 9; Suet. Ner. 48; Plin. 31, 3, 25, § 42; Front. Aquaed. 5:

    fluminis,

    a branch, Dig. 41, 3, 45; 44, 3, 7.—
    B.
    Trop., a deviation, digression:

    legentibus velut deverticula amoena quaerere,

    Liv. 9, 17; cf. Quint. 10, 1, 29; 9, 2, 79: aquarum calidarum, i. e. a mode of cure (deviating from the simple one) by the use of warm water, Plin. 29, 1, 8, § 23:

    significationis,

    derivation, Gell. 4, 9 in lemm.:

    a deverticulo repetatur fabula,

    from the digression, Juv. 15, 72:

    per varia sectarum deverticula,

    byways of doctrine, Arn. 2, 13.—
    II.
    A place for travellers to put up; an inn, a lodging.
    A.
    Prop.:

    cum gladii abditi ex omnibus locis deverticuli protraherentur,

    Liv. 1, 51 fin.; also, a resort for low characters:

    lupanaria et deverticula,

    Tac. A. 13, 27.—
    B.
    Trop., a refuge, retreat, lurking-place, Plaut. Capt. 3, 3, 8; Cic. Part. 39, 136; id. Rosc. Com. 17, 51; Quint. 12, 3, 11; Plin. 10, 50, 71, § 140.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > devorticulum

  • 16 diverticulum

    dēvertĭcŭlum (many MSS. and some edd. dīvert-, old form dēvort-), i, n. [deverto].
    I.
    A by-road, by-path, side-way.
    A.
    Prop.:

    quae deverticula flexionesque quaesivisti?

    Cic. Pis. 22, 53; Ter. Eun. 4, 2, 7; Curt. 3, 13, 9; Suet. Ner. 48; Plin. 31, 3, 25, § 42; Front. Aquaed. 5:

    fluminis,

    a branch, Dig. 41, 3, 45; 44, 3, 7.—
    B.
    Trop., a deviation, digression:

    legentibus velut deverticula amoena quaerere,

    Liv. 9, 17; cf. Quint. 10, 1, 29; 9, 2, 79: aquarum calidarum, i. e. a mode of cure (deviating from the simple one) by the use of warm water, Plin. 29, 1, 8, § 23:

    significationis,

    derivation, Gell. 4, 9 in lemm.:

    a deverticulo repetatur fabula,

    from the digression, Juv. 15, 72:

    per varia sectarum deverticula,

    byways of doctrine, Arn. 2, 13.—
    II.
    A place for travellers to put up; an inn, a lodging.
    A.
    Prop.:

    cum gladii abditi ex omnibus locis deverticuli protraherentur,

    Liv. 1, 51 fin.; also, a resort for low characters:

    lupanaria et deverticula,

    Tac. A. 13, 27.—
    B.
    Trop., a refuge, retreat, lurking-place, Plaut. Capt. 3, 3, 8; Cic. Part. 39, 136; id. Rosc. Com. 17, 51; Quint. 12, 3, 11; Plin. 10, 50, 71, § 140.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > diverticulum

  • 17 of

    acknowledgement of receipt
    подтверждение приема
    actual time of arrival
    фактическое время прибытия
    aerodrome of call
    аэродром выхода на радиосвязь
    aerodrome of departure
    аэродром вылета
    aerodrome of intended landing
    аэродром предполагаемой посадки
    aerodrome of origin
    аэродром приписки
    aircraft center - of - gravity
    центровка воздушного судна
    airport of departure
    аэропорт вылета
    airport of destination
    аэропорт назначения
    airport of entry
    аэропорт прилета
    allocation of duties
    распределение обязанностей
    allocation of frequencies
    распределение частот
    allotment of frequencies
    выделение частот
    alternative means of communication
    резервные средства связи
    amount of controls
    степень использования
    amount of feedback
    степень обратной связи
    amount of precipitation
    количество осадков
    angle of allowance
    угол упреждения
    angle of approach
    угол захода на посадку
    angle of approach light
    угол набора высоты
    angle of ascent
    угол набора высоты
    angle of attack
    угол атаки
    angle of climb
    угол набора высоты
    angle of coverage
    угол действия
    angle of crab
    угол сноса
    angle of descent
    угол снижения
    angle of deviation
    угол отклонения
    angle of dip
    угол магнитного склонения
    angle of dive
    угол пикирования
    angle of downwash
    угол скоса потока вниз
    angle of elevation
    угол места
    angle of exit
    угол схода
    angle of glide
    угол планирования
    angle of incidence
    угол атаки
    angle of indraft
    угол входа воздушной массы
    angle of lag
    угол отставания
    angle of landing
    посадочный угол
    angle of pitch
    угол тангажа
    angle of roll
    угол крена
    angle - of - sideslip transmitter
    датчик угла скольжения
    angle of sight
    угол прицеливания
    angle of slope
    угол наклона глиссады
    angle of stall
    угол сваливания
    angle of turn
    угол разворота
    angle of upwash
    угол скоса потока вверх
    angle of visibility
    угол обзора
    angle of yaw
    угол рыскания
    antimeridian of Greenwich
    меридиан, противоположный Гринвичскому
    apparent drift of the gyro
    кажущийся уход гироскопа
    application of tariffs
    применение тарифов
    approach rate of descent
    скорость снижения при заходе на посадку
    arc of a path
    дуга траектории
    arc of equal bearings
    дуга равных азимутов
    area of coverage
    зона действия
    area of coverage of the forecasts
    район обеспечения прогнозами
    area of occurence
    район происшествия
    area of responsibility
    зона ответственности
    arrest the development of the stall
    препятствовать сваливанию
    assessment of costs
    установление размеров расходов
    assignment of duties
    распределение обязанностей
    Association of European Airlines
    Ассоциация европейских авиакомпаний
    Association of South Pacific Airlines
    Ассоциация авиакомпаний южной части Тихого океана
    assumption of control message
    прием экипажем диспетчерского указания
    at a speed of
    на скорости
    at the end of
    в конце цикла
    at the end of segment
    в конце участка
    (полета) at the end of stroke
    в конце хода
    (поршня) at the start of cycle
    в начале цикла
    at the start of segment
    в начале участка
    (полета) aviation-to-aviation type of interference
    помехи от авиационных объектов
    avoidance of collisions
    предотвращение столкновений
    avoidance of hazardous conditions
    предупреждение опасных условий полета
    axial of bank
    продольная ось
    axis of precession
    ось прецессии гироскопа
    axis of roll
    продольная ось
    axis of rotation
    ось вращения
    axis of yaw
    вертикальная ось
    backward movement of the stick
    взятие ручки на себя
    be out of trim
    быть разбалансированным
    best rate of climb
    наибольшая скороподъемность
    bias out of view
    выходить из поля зрения
    bill of entry
    таможенная декларация
    bill of lading
    грузовая накладная
    blanketing of controls
    затенение рулей
    body of compass card
    диск картушки компаса
    boundary of the area
    граница зоны
    Bureau of Administration and Services
    Административно-хозяйственное управление
    camber of a profile
    кривизна профиля
    care of passengers
    обслуживание пассажиров
    carriage of passengers
    перевозка пассажиров
    carry out a circuit of the aerodrome
    выполнять круг полета над аэродромом
    cause of aircraft trouble
    причина неисправности воздушного судна
    center of air pressure
    центр аэродинамического давления
    center of depression
    центр низкого давления
    center of force
    центр приложения силы
    center of gravity
    центр тяжести
    center of mass
    центр масс
    center of pressure
    центр давления
    Central Agency of Air Service
    Главное агентство воздушных сообщений
    certificate of revaccination
    сертификат ревакцинации
    certificate of safety for flight
    свидетельство о допуске к полетам
    certificate of vaccination
    сертификат вакцинации
    choice of field
    выбор посадочной площадки
    class of lift
    класс посадки
    clearance of goods
    таможенное разрешение на провоз
    clearance of obstacles
    безопасная высота пролета препятствий
    clearance of the aircraft
    разрешение воздушному судну
    coefficient of heat transfer
    коэффициент теплопередачи
    come clear of the ground
    отрываться от земли
    complex type of aircraft
    комбинированный тип воздушного судна
    composition of a crew
    состав экипажа
    concept of separation
    эшелонирование
    conditions of carriage
    условия перевозок
    cone of rays
    пучок лучей
    congestion of information
    насыщенность информации
    continuity of guidance
    непрерывность наведения
    contour of perceived noise
    контур воспринимаемого шума
    control of an investigation
    контроль за ходом расследования
    correlation of levels
    приведение эшелонов в соответствие
    country of arrival
    страна прилета
    country of origin
    страна вылета
    course of training
    курс подготовки
    coverage of the chart
    картографируемый район
    curve of equal bearings
    линия равных азимутов
    danger of collisions
    опасность столкновения
    degree of accuracy
    степень точности
    degree of freedom
    степень свободы
    degree of skill
    уровень квалификации
    degree of stability
    степень устойчивости
    denial of carriage
    отказ в перевозке
    Department of Transportation
    Министерство транспорта
    derivation of operating data
    расчет эксплуатационных параметров
    determination of cause
    установление причины
    determine amount of the error
    определять величину девиации
    determine the extent of damage
    определять степень повреждения
    determine the sign of deviation
    определять знак девиации
    development of the stall
    процесс сваливания
    direction of approach
    направление захода на посадку
    direction of rotation
    направление вращения
    direction of turn
    направление разворота
    duration of noise effect
    продолжительность воздействия шума
    elevation of the strip
    превышение летной полосы
    elevation setting of light units
    установка углов возвышения глиссадных огней
    eliminate the cause of
    устранять причину
    eliminate the source of danger
    устранять источник опасности
    (для воздушного движения) end of runway
    начало ВПП
    enforce rules of the air
    обеспечивать соблюдение правил полетов
    en-route change of level
    изменение эшелона на маршруте
    erection of the gyro
    восстановление гироскопа
    estimated position of aircraft
    расчетное положение воздушного судна
    estimated time of arrival
    расчетное время прибытия
    estimated time of departure
    расчетное время вылета
    estimated time of flight
    расчетное время полета
    even use of fuel
    равномерная выработка топлива
    extension of ticket validity
    продление срока годности билета
    extent of damage
    степень повреждения
    facilitate rapid clearance of
    обеспечивать быстрое освобождение
    factor of safety
    уровень безопасности
    filing of statistical data
    представление статистических данных
    first freedom of the air
    первая степень свободы воздуха
    first type of occurence
    первый тип события
    flow of air traffic
    поток воздушного движения
    fly under the supervision of
    летать под контролем
    for reasons of safety
    в целях безопасности
    freedom of action
    свобода действий
    freedom of the air
    степень свободы воздуха
    frequency of operations
    частота полетов
    gathering of information
    сбор информации
    general conditions of carriage
    основные условия перевозки
    General Conference of Weights and Measure
    Генеральная конференция по мерам и весам
    General Department of International Air Services of Aeroflot
    Центральное управление международных воздушных сообщений гражданской авиации
    get out of control
    терять управление
    given conditions of flight
    заданные условия полета
    go out of control
    становиться неуправляемым
    go out of the spin
    выходить из штопора
    grade of service
    категория обслуживания
    grade of the pilot licence
    класс пилотского свидетельства
    grading of runway
    нивелирование ВПП
    height at start of retraction
    высота начала уборки
    hover at the height of
    зависать на высоте
    identification of signals
    опознавание сигналов
    inconventional type of aircraft
    нестандартный тип воздушного судна
    increase a camber of the profile
    увеличивать кривизну профиля
    indication of a request
    обозначение запроса
    in interests of safety
    в интересах безопасности
    initial rate of climb
    начальная скороподъемность
    initial stage of go-around
    начальный участок ухода на второй круг
    inlet angle of attack
    угол атаки заборного устройства
    intake angle of attack
    угол атаки воздухозаборника
    integrated system of airspace control
    комплексная система контроля воздушного пространства
    interception of civil aircraft
    перехват гражданского воздушного судна
    International Co-ordinating Council of Aerospace Industries Association
    Международный координационный совет ассоциаций авиакосмической промышленности
    International Council of Aircraft Owner and Pilot Associations
    Международный совет ассоциаций владельцев воздушных судов и пилотов
    International Federation of Air Line Pilots' Associations
    Международная федерация ассоциаций линейных пилотов
    International Federation of Air Traffic Controllers' Associations
    Международная федерация ассоциаций авиадиспетчеров
    International Relations Department of the Ministry of Civil Aviation
    Управление внешних сношений Министерства гражданской авиации
    interpretation of the signal
    расшифровка сигнала
    interpretation of weather chart
    чтение метеорологической карты
    intersection of air routes
    пересечение воздушных трасс
    in the case of delay
    в случае задержки
    in the event of a mishap
    в случае происшествия
    in the event of malfunction
    в случая отказа
    introduction of the corrections
    ввод поправок
    keep clear of rotor blades
    остерегаться лопастей несущего винта
    keep clear of the aircraft
    держаться на безопасном расстоянии от воздушного судна
    keep out of the way
    не занимать трассу
    layout of aerodrome markings
    маркировка аэродрома
    layout of controls
    расположение органов управления
    lessee of an aircraft
    арендатор воздушного судна
    level of airworthiness
    уровень летной годности
    level of safety
    уровень безопасности
    level of speech interference
    уровень помех речевой связи
    limiting range of mass
    предел ограничения массы
    line of flight
    линия полета
    line of position
    линия положения
    line of sight
    линия визирования
    location of distress
    район бедствия
    loss of control
    потеря управления
    loss of pressurization
    разгерметизация
    loss of strength
    потеря прочности
    magnetic orientation of runway
    ориентировка ВПП по магнитному меридиану
    margin of error
    допуск на погрешность
    margin of lift
    запас подъемной силы
    margin of safety
    допустимый уровень безопасности
    margin of stability
    запас устойчивости
    marking of pavements
    маркировка покрытия
    mean scale of the chart
    средний масштаб карты
    means of communication
    средства связи
    means of identification
    средства опознавания
    meridian of Greenwich
    гринвичский меридиан
    method of steepest descent
    способ резкого снижения
    mode of flight
    режим полета
    moment of inertia
    момент инерции
    moment of momentum
    момент количества движения
    name-code of the route
    кодирование названия маршрута
    onset of wind
    резкий порыв ветра
    operation of aircraft
    эксплуатация воздушного судна
    out of ground effect
    вне зоны влияния земли
    out of service
    изъятый из эксплуатации
    overshoot capture of the glide slope
    поздний захват глиссадного луча
    period of rating currency
    период действия квалифицированной отметки
    personal property of passengers
    личные вещи пассажиров
    pilot's field of view
    поле зрения пилота
    plane of rotation
    плоскость вращения
    plane of symmetry of the aeroplane
    плоскость симметрии самолета
    point of arrival
    пункт прилета
    point of call
    пункт выхода на связь
    point of departure
    пункт вылета
    point of destination
    пункт назначения
    point of discontinuity
    точка разрыва
    point of intersection
    точка пересечения
    point of loading
    пункт погрузки
    point of no return
    рубеж возврата
    point of origin
    пункт вылета
    point of turn-around
    рубеж разворота
    point of unloading
    пункт выгрузки
    portion of a flight
    отрезок полета
    portion of a runway
    участок ВПП
    prevention of collisions
    предотвращение столкновений
    primary element of structure
    основной элемент конструкции
    prohibition of landing
    запрещение посадки
    prolongation of the rating
    продление срока действия квалификационной отметки
    promotion of safety
    обеспечение безопасности полетов
    proof of compliance
    доказательство соответствия
    propagation of sound
    распространение шума
    protection of evidence
    сохранение вещественных доказательств
    pull out of the spin
    выводить из штопора
    pull the aircraft out of
    брать штурвал на себя
    radar transfer of control
    передача радиолокационного диспетчерского управления
    radius of curvature
    радиус кривизны
    range of coverage
    радиус действия
    range of motion
    диапазон отклонения
    range of revolutions
    диапазон оборотов
    range of visibility
    дальность видимости
    range of vision
    дальность обзора
    rate of climb
    скороподъемность
    rate of closure
    скорость сближения
    rate of descent
    скорость снижения
    rate of disagreement
    скорость рассогласования
    rate of duty
    скорость таможенной пошлины
    rate of exchange
    курс обмена валюты
    rate of flaps motion
    скорость отклонения закрылков
    rate of growth
    темп роста
    rate of pitch
    скорость по тангажу
    rate of roll
    скорость крена
    rate of sideslip
    скорость бокового скольжения
    rate of trim
    скорость балансировки
    rate of turn
    скорость разворота
    rate of yaw
    скорость рыскания
    reception of telephony
    прием телефонных сообщений
    record of amendments
    лист учета поправок
    record of revisions
    внесение поправок
    regularity of operations
    регулярность полетов
    relay of messages
    передача сообщений
    release of control
    передача управления
    removal of aircraft
    удаление воздушного судна
    removal of limitations
    отмена ограничений
    replacement of parts
    замена деталей
    representative of a carrier
    представитель перевозчика
    reservation of a seat
    бронирование места
    retirement of aircraft
    списание воздушного судна
    right - of - entry
    преимущественное право входа
    roll out of the turn
    выходить из разворота
    rules of the air
    правила полетов
    safe handling of an aircraft
    безопасное управление воздушным судном
    second freedom of the air
    вторая степень свободы воздуха
    second type of occurence
    второй тип события
    selection of engine mode
    выбор режима работы двигателя
    sequence of fuel usage
    очередность выработки топлива
    (по группам баков) sequence of operation
    последовательность выполнения операций
    showers of rain and snow
    ливневый дождь со снегом
    simultaneous use of runways
    одновременная эксплуатация нескольких ВПП
    site of occurrence
    место происшествия
    slope of level
    наклон кривой уровня
    (шумов) source of danger
    источник опасности
    Standing Committee of Performance
    Постоянный комитет по летно-техническим характеристикам
    start of leveloff
    начало выравнивания
    start of takeoff
    начало разбега при взлете
    state of aircraft manufacture
    государство - изготовитель воздушного судна
    state of discharge
    степень разряженности
    (аккумулятора) state of emergency
    аварийное состояние
    state of occurence
    государство места события
    state of transit
    государство транзита
    steadiness of approach
    устойчивость при заходе на посадку
    steady rate of climb
    установившаяся скорость набора высоты
    structure of fronts
    структура атмосферных фронтов
    submission of a flight plan
    представление плана полета
    system of monitoring visual aids
    система контроля за работой визуальных средств
    (на аэродроме) system of units
    система единиц
    (измерения) table of cruising levels
    таблица крейсерских эшелонов
    table of intensity settings
    таблица регулировки интенсивности
    table of limits
    таблица ограничений
    table of tolerance
    таблица допусков
    take out of service
    снимать с эксплуатации
    target level of safety
    заданный уровень безопасности полетов
    temporary loss of control
    временная потеря управляемости
    termination of control
    прекращение диспетчерского обслуживания
    theory of flight
    теория полета
    time of lag
    время запаздывания
    time of origin
    время отправления
    titl of the gyro
    завал гироскопа
    top of climb
    конечный участок набора высоты
    transfer of control
    передача диспетчерского управления
    transmission of telephony
    передача радиотелефонных сообщений
    transmit on frequency of
    вести передачу на частоте
    triangle of velocities
    треугольник скоростей
    under any kind of engine failure
    при любом отказе двигателя
    uneven use of fuel
    неравномерная выработка топлива
    unit of measurement
    единица измерения
    velocity of sound
    скорость звука
    wall of overpressure
    фронт избыточного давления
    warn of danger
    предупреждать об опасности
    within the frame of
    в пределах
    working language of ICAO
    рабочий язык ИКАО
    zone of intersection
    зона пересечения
    zone of silence
    зона молчания

    English-Russian aviation dictionary > of

  • 18 deberse a

    v.
    to be due to, to be caused by.
    * * *
    (v.) = be due to, be caused by, be attributable to, boil down to
    Ex. However, the marginal deviation from statistical significance may have been due to data contamination in that Billboard charts use some data manipulation rather than strictly objective sales or air play data.
    Ex. There are fewer women in management than men and they earn less and this is not caused by stereotypically female qualities and behaviour.
    Ex. The inclusion of much of West Yorkshire in the non-quota textile programme is claimed to be at least partly attributable to this persistence.
    Ex. The dilemmas of charging finally boil down to political judgements of the value of information in society.
    * * *
    (v.) = be due to, be caused by, be attributable to, boil down to

    Ex: However, the marginal deviation from statistical significance may have been due to data contamination in that Billboard charts use some data manipulation rather than strictly objective sales or air play data.

    Ex: There are fewer women in management than men and they earn less and this is not caused by stereotypically female qualities and behaviour.
    Ex: The inclusion of much of West Yorkshire in the non-quota textile programme is claimed to be at least partly attributable to this persistence.
    Ex: The dilemmas of charging finally boil down to political judgements of the value of information in society.

    Spanish-English dictionary > deberse a

  • 19 departure

    -  ə
    noun (an act of departing: The departure of the train was delayed.) partida, marcha, salida
    1. salida
    2. partida / marcha
    after Mike's departure, only two were left después de que Mike se fuera, sólo quedaron dos
    tr[dɪ'pɑːʧəSMALLr/SMALL]
    1 (of person) partida, marcha; (of plane, train, etc) salida
    2 figurative use (divergence) desviación nombre femenino; (venture, type of activity) innovación nombre femenino
    \
    SMALLIDIOMATIC EXPRESSION/SMALL
    departure lounge sala de embarque
    departure time hora de salida
    point of departure punto de partida
    departure [di'pɑrʧər] n
    1) leaving: salida f, partida f
    2) deviation: desviación f
    adj.
    • de salida adj.
    n.
    • desviación s.f.
    • ida s.f.
    • marcha s.f.
    • partida s.f.
    • salida s.f.
    dɪ'pɑːrtʃər, dɪ'pɑːtʃə(r)
    1)
    a) u c ( Transp) salida f, partida f (frml)

    point of departure — punto m de partida; (before n)

    departure time — hora f de salida

    departure gate/lounge — puerta f/sala f de embarque

    b) u ( of person) (frml) partida f (frml), ida f
    2) ( deviation) (no pl)
    [dɪ'pɑːtʃǝ(r)]
    1. N
    1) [of person] partida f, marcha f ( from de); [of train, plane] salida f ( from de)

    Departures — (Aer, Rail) Salidas

    point of departure — punto m de partida

    to take one's departure — frm marcharse

    2) (fig) (from custom, principle) desviación f ( from de)
    3) (=trend, course)

    a new departure — un rumbo nuevo, una novedad

    2.
    CPD

    departure board N — (Aer, Rail) tablón m de salidas, panel m de salidas

    departure gate N — (Aer) puerta f de embarque

    departure language N — (Ling) lengua f de origen

    departure lounge N — (Aer) sala f de embarque

    departure tax N — (=airport tax) tasas fpl de aeropuerto

    departure time N — hora f de salida

    * * *
    [dɪ'pɑːrtʃər, dɪ'pɑːtʃə(r)]
    1)
    a) u c ( Transp) salida f, partida f (frml)

    point of departure — punto m de partida; (before n)

    departure time — hora f de salida

    departure gate/lounge — puerta f/sala f de embarque

    b) u ( of person) (frml) partida f (frml), ida f
    2) ( deviation) (no pl)

    English-spanish dictionary > departure

  • 20 non-

    префікс, що позначає заперечення або відсутність; нерідко перекладається префіком

    non-ministration of succor to a person in a situation dangerous to her life — = non-ministration of succour to a person in a situation dangerous to her life, non-ministration of succour to a person in a situation dangerous to his life, non-ministration of succor to a person in a situation dangerous to his life неподання допомоги особі, яка перебуває в небезпечному для життя становищі

    non-ministration of succour to a person in a situation dangerous to her life — = non-ministration of succor to a person in a situation dangerous to her life

    non-ministration of succour to a person in a situation dangerous to his life — = non-ministration of succor to a person in a situation dangerous to her life

    non-ministration of succor to a person in a situation dangerous to his life — = non-ministration of succor to a person in a situation dangerous to her life

    non-observance of the conditions of a contract — = non-observance of the terms of a contract порушення умов контракту ( угоди)

    non-observance of the terms of a contract — = non-observance of the conditions of a contract

    - non-acceptance
    - non-access
    - non-act
    - non-actionable
    - non-adjudicative
    - non-adjudicative fact
    - non-admission
    - non-admittance
    - non-adult
    - non-affiliation
    - non-age
    - non-aggression
    - non-aggression pact
    - non-aggressive
    - non-alcoholic
    - non-aligned
    - non-aligned countries
    - non-aligned movement
    - non-aligned state
    - non-aligned status
    - non-alignment
    - non-alignment movement
    - non-amicable
    - non-appealable
    - non-appearance
    - non-arraignment
    - non-attendance
    - non-authoritarian
    - non-belligerence
    - non-belligerency
    - non-belligerent
    - non-binding
    - non-cabinet agency
    - non-cabinet minister
    - non-cadreman
    - non-capital murder
    - non-career appointment
    - non-career criminal
    - non-career post
    - non-citizen
    - non-claim
    - non-classified
    - non-classified document
    - non-coercive
    - non-combatant
    - non-commercial
    - non-commercial organization
    - non-commissioned officer
    - non-committal
    - non-committal reply
    - non-committalism
    - non-Communist
    - non-Communist bloc of states
    - non-comp.
    - non-compelable witness
    - non-compellable witness
    - non-competition clause
    - non-compliance
    - non-compliant
    - non-compos
    - non-compos mentis
    - non-concur
    - non-confidence
    - non-confidence vote
    - non-conforming
    - non-conforming prisoner
    - non-conformity
    - non-constitutional
    - non-constitutional authority
    - non-content
    - non-contentious proceedings
    - non-contractual
    - non-contractual case
    - non-contractual liability
    - non-contributory pension
    - non-controversial
    - non-controversial bill
    - non-cooperation
    - non-cooperationist
    - non-corporate
    - non-corporate body
    - non-crime
    - non-criminal
    - non-criminal life
    - non-criminal
    - non-criminal prisoner
    - non-criminal proceeding
    - non-criminal proceedings
    - non-cumulative
    - non-custodial
    - non-custodial penalty
    - non-sanction
    - non-custodial sentencing
    - non-definitive
    - non-definitive judgement
    - non-definitive judgment
    - non-delegable
    - non-deliberate
    - non-delivery
    - non-democrat
    - non-democratic
    - non-departmental minister
    - non-deputy
    - non-detected delinquency
    - non-deviation
    - non-disclosure
    - non-disclosure agreement
    - non-discovery of the criminal
    - non-discovery of the culprit
    - non-discovery of the offender
    - non-discretionary
    - non-discriminating
    - non-discriminating law
    - non-discrimination
    - non-discriminatory
    - non-discriminatory law
    - non-discriminatory law
    - non-divulgence
    - non-effective
    - non-effective deterrent
    - non-elected
    - non-eligibility
    - non-eligibility for office
    - non-eligible for office
    - non-enacted
    - non-enacted law
    - non-enforceability
    - non-entry
    - non-essential ignorance
    - non-EU country
    - non-evidence fact
    - non-exclusive licence
    - non-exclusive license
    - non-exclusive
    - non-exclusive use
    - non-execution
    - non-exempt
    - non-existent
    - non-expert opinion
    - non-extradition
    - non-feasance
    - non-fulfilment
    - non-fulfillment
    - non-fulfilment of the decision
    - non-gang offender
    - non-governmental
    - non-governmental body
    - non-governmental organization
    - non-governmental property
    - non-governmental regulation
    - non-immigrant
    - non-immigrant visa
    - non-immigrant
    - non-independent
    - non-independent country
    - non-information
    - non-infringing article
    - non-infringing article
    - non-institutional treatment
    - non-intentional
    - non-intentional fault
    - non-intercourse
    - non-interference
    - non-intervention
    - non-issuable
    - non-issuable plea
    - non-joinder
    - non-judgemental
    - non-judgmental
    - non-judicial
    - non-judicial agency
    - non-judicial day
    - non-judicial punishment
    - non-juring
    - non-jury
    - non-jury case
    - non-jury court
    - non-legal
    - non-legal employee
    - non-lethal
    - non-legislative
    - non-legislative organization
    - non-lethal weapon
    - non-lethal weapons
    - non-mailable
    - non-mandatory
    - non-marital
    - non-marital sexual relations
    - non-medical
    - non-medical use of drugs
    - non-member
    - non-member state
    - non-metropolitan county
    - non-military
    - non-military means
    - non-military service
    - non-ministration
    - non-ministration of succor
    - non-ministration of succour
    - non-molestation order
    - non-moral
    - non-national
    - non-negligent manslaughter
    - non-negotiable
    - non-nuclear
    - non-nuclear state
    - non-nuclear-weapon state
    - non-observance
    - non-observance of traffic laws
    - non-obvious
    - non-obvious subject-matter
    - non-offender
    - non-official
    - non-official majority
    - non-parliamentary
    - non-participation
    - non-partisan
    - non-partisan ballot
    - non-partisan government
    - non-party
    - non-party minister
    - non-patent
    - non-patentability
    - non-patentable
    - non-payment
    - non-payment of taxes
    - non-pecuniary
    - non-performance
    - non-permanent
    - non-permanent member
    - non-police
    - non-police enforcement
    - non-police enforcement agency
    - non-police enforcement body
    - non-presidential appointment
    - non-prison
    - non-prison gang
    - non-professional
    - non-professional consul
    - non-profit
    - non-profit agency
    - non-profit corporation
    - non-profit organization
    - non-proliferation
    - non-proliferation treaty
    - non-property
    - non-property right
    - non-pros.
    - non-prosequitur
    - non-prospectus company
    - non-punishable
    - non-punitive
    - non-recognition
    - non-recurrent
    - non-recurrent levy
    - non-recurrent transaction
    - non-recurring
    - non-recurring duty
    - non-registrability
    - non-relative
    - non-relative adoption
    - non-representative
    - non-residence
    - non-resident
    - non-resident alien
    - non-resident citizen
    - non-resident patient
    - non-residential care
    - non-residential premises
    - non-retroactivity
    - non-retroactivity of law
    - non-secular
    - non-secular law
    - non-secure
    - non-secure setting
    - non-secure shelter
    - non-self-executing treaty
    - non-self-governing
    - non-self-governing territory
    - non-signatory
    - non-state
    - non-statutory
    - non-statutory authority
    - non-statutory subject-matter
    - non-substantive
    - non-suit
    - non-support
    - non-tariff
    - non-tariff barriers
    - non-tariff regulation
    - non-tax source
    - non-taxable
    - non-taxed
    - non-term
    - non-terminal
    - non-testifying co-defendant
    - non-transferable
    - non-treaty based
    - non-treaty based mechanism
    - non-unanimous
    - non-unanimous jury
    - non-unanimous jury system
    - non-union country
    - non-union employer
    - non-use
    - non-use of force
    - non-use of punishment
    - non-user
    - non-violent
    - non-violent protest
    - non-voter
    - non-voting
    - non-voting member
    - non- wage benefits
    - non-working
    - non-working day
    - non-working elements
    - non-working time

    English-Ukrainian law dictionary > non-

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